Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁eǵʰ-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Root unknown.

If related to *h₁ógʷʰis (“snake”), it may have originated as literally “one that deals with snakes” > “snake-eater”. (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?) However, this would seem to require reinterpreting *h₁egʷʰ- as *h₁egʰ-w-, in which case Indo-Aryan would lack the suffix *-w-. While this may appear helpful for explaining some strange words like Proto-Germanic *egalaz (“leech”), it still fails to account for the different *ǵʰ versus *gʰ and so only adds complexity to the issue.

Root

*h₁eǵʰ-

  1. hedgehog

Synonyms

Derived terms

  • *h₁eǵʰ-yós ~ *h₁eǵʰ-is
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *eźjás, *eźis[1][2][3][4][5] (see there for further descendants)
    • Phrygian: ἔζις (ézis, “hedgehog”)
  • *h₁eǵʰ-iHn-os[2]
    • Proto-Hellenic: *hekʰinos
      • Ancient Greek: ἐχῖνος (ekhînos) (see there for further descendants)
      • Mycenaean Greek: 𐀁𐀑𐀜 (e-ki-no)
  • *h₁eǵʰ-iHn-eh₂
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *ežīˀnāˀ
      • Proto-Slavic: *ežina (see there for further descendants)
  • *h₁eǵʰ-i-lós
    • Proto-Germanic: *igilaz (“hedgehog, sea urchin”)[2] (see there for further descendants)
  • *h₁oǵʰ-iHn-yós[2]
    • Old Armenian: ոզնի (ozni), կոզնի (kozni)
      • Armenian: ոզնի (ozni), կոզնի (kozni) — dialectal
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Haȷ́ʰiHnas
      • Proto-Iranian: *HaziHnah
        • Proto-Scythian: *azini
          • Proto-Sarmatian: *azin
            • Alanic: *æzin[6]
              • Ossetian:
                Digor Ossetian: узун (uzun)
                Iron Ossetian: уызы́н (wyzýn)
                • → Chechen: зу (zu), зуьнаш (zünaš, “hedgehog”)
                • → Ingush: зӏий (zˀii, “hedgehog”)
  • Unsorted formations:
    • ⇒ Proto-Albanian: *etska (< *edz-k-a)

Further reading

References

  1. ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “ežys”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 159: “'hedgehog'”
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*egila-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 115: “m. 'hedgehog, sea urchin'”
  3. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*ežь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 149: “m. jo 'hedgehog'”
  4. ^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1979), “*ežь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 6 (*e – *golva), Moscow: Nauka, page 37
  5. ^ Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1985), “їж”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 2 (Д – Копці), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 323
  6. ^ Abajev, V. I. (1989) “wyzyn | uzun”, in Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Ossetian Language] (in Russian), volume 4, Moscow and Leningrad: Academy Press, page 129
  7. ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “esh”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 90
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