Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁eyǵʰ-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*h₁eyǵʰ-^[1]^[2]

to desire, long for

Reconstruction notes

The initial laryngeal must be *h₁,^[1] not the *h₂ suggested by Beekes,^[3] or else the Celtic reflexes of the verb would have the wrong vowel; the Celtic verb would surface as **yaigeti with *h₂ and **yoigeti with *h₃.
Many authors^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7] have left the laryngeal unspecified before the Celtic reflexes were established as derived from this root.

Derived terms

*h₁í-h₁eyǵʰ-ti ~ *h₁í-h₁iǵʰ-enti (i-reduplicated athematic present)^[5]
- Proto-Celtic: *yeigeti (“to scream, cry”) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Hellenic: *ī́kʰō
  - Ancient Greek: *ῑ̓χω (*īkhō)
    - ⇒ Ancient Greek: ἰχανάω (ikhanáō, “to crave, yearn”) (with analogical suffixation^[3])
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HíHȷ́ʰati
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HíHźʰyati
    - Sanskrit: ईहति (īhati, “to desire”)
  - Proto-Iranian: *HíHjyati
    - Avestan: 𐬌𐬰𐬌𐬌𐬁 (iziiā, 1sg.pres.), 𐬌𐬰𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (iziieⁱti, 3sg.pres.), 𐬌𐬰𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬙𐬌 (iziiati, 3sg.pres.)

*h₁yoǵʰ-eh₂yé-ti (eh₂ye-iterative) (with metathesis)
- Proto-Germanic: *jakkōną (“to hunt”) (< rebuilt pre-PGmc. nā-iterative *yogʰ-nā́-ti ~ *yogʰ-un-ánti) (see there for further descendants)

*h₁éyǵʰ-os
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Háyȷ́ʰas
  - Proto-Iranian: *Háyjah
    - Avestan: 𐬀𐬉𐬰𐬀𐬵 n (aēzah, “desire”)

*h₁oyǵʰ-ó-s
- >? Proto-Albanian: *jaga^[8] (< metathesized *h₁yoǵʰ-ó-s)
  - Albanian: gjah (“a hunt”) (or < *seh₂ǵ- or *gʷʰen-)
  - ⇒ Proto-Albanian: *jāgnja^[8] (+ *-nja)
    - Albanian: gjuaj (“to hunt”)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hayȷ́ʰás
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hayźʰás
    - Sanskrit: एह (ehá, “desiring, wishing”)
  - Proto-Iranian: *Hayjáh
    - Avestan: 𐬀𐬉𐬰𐬀 (aēza, “desiring”)

Unsorted formations

>? Proto-Armenian: *(h)ijl-^[9]
- Old Armenian: իղձ (iłj, “desire, wish”) (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Celtic: *eiglā (“a cry, weeping”) (see there for further descendants)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Darling, Mark (2020) The Subjunctive in Celtic: Studies in Historical Phonology and Morphology‎^[1], University of Cambridge, →DOI, page 118
^ Schrijver, Peter (1998) “The Châteaubleau tile as a link between Latin and French and between Gaulish and Brittonic”, in Etudes Celtiques, volume 34, number 1, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 135–142
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἰχανάω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 606
^ Mees, Bernard (14 December 2011) “Words from the well at Gallo-Roman Châteaubleau”, in Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie, volume 58, number 1, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 87–108
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*Hei̯ĝʰ-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 222
^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “eh”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, page 198
^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*Haiz”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 159-160
↑ ^8.0 ^8.1 Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “gjuaj ~ gjuej”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, pages 137-138: “PAlb *jāgnja based on the noun *jaga > gjah”
^ Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) “iɫj”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 301: “*Hiĝh-l- > PArm. *(h)ij-l- > iɫj”

[Darling-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Darling, Mark (2020) The Subjunctive in Celtic: Studies in Historical Phonology and Morphology‎^[1], University of Cambridge, →DOI, page 118

[2] Schrijver, Peter (1998) “The Châteaubleau tile as a link between Latin and French and between Gaulish and Brittonic”, in Etudes Celtiques, volume 34, number 1, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 135–142

[EDG-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἰχανάω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 606

[4] Mees, Bernard (14 December 2011) “Words from the well at Gallo-Roman Châteaubleau”, in Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie, volume 58, number 1, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 87–108

[LIV-5] 5.0 ^5.1 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*Hei̯ĝʰ-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 222

[6] Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “eh”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, page 198

[7] Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*Haiz”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 159-160

[Orel-8] 8.0 ^8.1 Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “gjuaj ~ gjuej”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, pages 137-138: “PAlb *jāgnja based on the noun *jaga > gjah”

[9] Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) “iɫj”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 301: “*Hiĝh-l- > PArm. *(h)ij-l- > iɫj”

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]