Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂énti

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

    Locative singular case of the root noun *h₂énts (“forehead, front”).

    Adverb

    *h₂énti[1]

    1. opposite
    2. near
    3. in front
    4. before

    Descendants

    • Proto-Anatolian:
      • Hittite: 𒄩𒀭𒍝 (ḫa-an-za /⁠ḫants⁠/, “in front”)[2][3]
    • >? Proto-Armenian:
      • Old Armenian: ընդ (ənd, “to, at, towards, by”)
    • Proto-Germanic: *andi (“and, also, against”) (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Hellenic:
      • Ancient Greek: ἀντί (antí) (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hánti
    • Proto-Italic: *anti
      • Latin: ante (see there for further descendants)
      • Oscan: 𐌀𐌍𐌕 (ant)[4]

    References

    1. ^ Dunkel, George E. (2014) “*h₂énti 'vorne, vor', *h₂énto 'gegenüber, entgegen'”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme [Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems] (in German), volume 2: Lexikon, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, →ISBN, pages 306-311
    2. ^ Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) “ḫant-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 287–289
    3. ^ According to Kloekhorst (2008: 289), Hittite ḫants is the regular continuation of the locative in *-i, whereas 𒄩𒀭𒋾 (ḫa-an-ti /⁠ḫanti⁠/, “opposite, against; instead; apart”) is a more recent formation from the synchronic dative–locative singular in Hittite.
    4. ^ Buck, Carl (1904) A grammar of Oscan and Umbrian, Ginn & Co, page 29

    Further reading

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