Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂eh₂nóḱe

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative reconstructions

  • *h₂neh₂nóḱe[1]
  • *h₂eh₂nónḱe[2]

Etymology

Reduplicated stative of the root *h₂neḱ- (“to reach, to attain”).

Verb

*h₂eh₂nóḱe (stative)[3]

  1. to have reached, to be at

Inflection

Stative
3rd singular *h₂eh₂nóḱe
3rd plural *h₂eh₂n̥ḱḗr
Active voice Indicative Imperative Subjunctive Optative
1st singular *h₂eh₂nóḱh₂e — *h₂eh₂néḱoh₂ *h₂eh₂n̥ḱyéh₁m̥
2nd singular *h₂eh₂nóḱth₂e *h₂eh₂nóḱ, *h₂eh₂n̥ḱdʰí *h₂eh₂néḱesi *h₂eh₂n̥ḱyéh₁s
3rd singular *h₂eh₂nóḱe *h₂eh₂nóḱtu *h₂eh₂néḱeti *h₂eh₂n̥ḱyéh₁t
1st dual *h₂eh₂n̥ḱwé — *h₂eh₂néḱowos *h₂eh₂n̥ḱih₁wé
2nd dual *? *h₂eh₂n̥ḱtóm *h₂eh₂néḱetes *h₂eh₂n̥ḱih₁tóm
3rd dual *? *h₂eh₂n̥ḱtā́m *h₂eh₂néḱetes *h₂eh₂n̥ḱih₁tā́m
1st plural *h₂eh₂n̥ḱmé — *h₂eh₂néḱomos *h₂eh₂n̥ḱih₁mé
2nd plural *h₂eh₂n̥ḱé *h₂eh₂n̥ḱté *h₂eh₂néḱete *h₂eh₂n̥ḱih₁té
3rd plural *h₂eh₂n̥ḱḗr *h₂eh₂n̥ḱéntu *h₂eh₂néḱonti *h₂eh₂n̥ḱih₁ént
Participle *h₂eh₂n̥ḱwṓs

Descendants

  • >? Proto-Albanian: *ka-nakja[4]
  • Proto-Celtic: *ānonke
    • Old Irish: ·ánaic (past tense of ·icc)
  • Italic:
  • Proto-Germanic: *ganuganą (*ga- + unattested *nōgaz) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HaHnā́ća, *HaHnánća

References

  1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “nancīscor”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 399
  2. ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 282
  3. ^ Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 34
  4. ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “kënaq”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, pages 177-178
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