Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃érō

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Possibly from *h₃er- +‎ *-ō, with semantic development "that which rises (in the sky)" > "bird" > "eagle".

Noun

*h₃érō m^[1]

eagle

Inflection

Athematic, amphikinetic
	singular
nominative	*h₃érō
genitive	*h₃r̥nés
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*h₃érō	*h₃éronh₁(e)	*h₃érones
vocative	*h₃éron	*h₃éronh₁(e)	*h₃érones
accusative	*h₃éronm̥	*h₃éronh₁(e)	*h₃éronm̥s
genitive	*h₃r̥nés	*?	*h₃r̥nóHom
ablative	*h₃r̥nés	*?	h₃rn̥mós, h₃rn̥bʰós
dative	*h₃r̥néy	*?	h₃rn̥mós, h₃rn̥bʰós
locative	h₃rén, h₃réni	*?	*h₃rn̥sú
instrumental	*h₃r̥néh₁	*?	h₃rn̥mís, h₃rn̥bʰís

Descendants

Proto-Anatolian: *Hórōs
- Hittite: 𒄩𒀀𒊏𒀸 (ḫa-a-ra-aš /⁠χáras⁠/)
Proto-Albanian:
- Albanian: orr, orrll
⇒ Proto-Armenian: (thematic, reduplicated)
- Old Armenian: որոր (oror, “gull”)
  - → Armenian: որոր (oror) (learned)
⇒ Proto-Balto-Slavic: *arélis (thematic, suffixed) (see there for further descendants)
⇒ Proto-Celtic: *eriros (thematic, suffixed) (possibly, but there would be irregular development of initial vowel if so)^[2]
- Proto-Brythonic:
  - Breton: erer
  - Cornish: er
  - Welsh: eryr
- Old Irish: irar
  - Middle Irish: ilar
    - Irish: iolar
    - Manx: urley
    - Scottish Gaelic: iolair
Proto-Germanic: *arô (see there for further descendants)
⇒ Proto-Hellenic: *órn-īk-s ~ *órn-īkʷʰ- (suffixed from the oblique stem)
- Ancient Greek: ὄρνῑς (órnīs, “bird, chicken”), ὄρνῑξ (órnīx) — Ionic, Doric
  - Greek: όρνιθα (órnitha)
⇒ Proto-Hellenic: [Term?] n (“bird”) (suffixed from the oblique stem and thematicized)
- Ancient Greek: ὄρνεον (órneon)
  - Greek: όρνεο (órneo), όρνιο (órnio)

References

^ Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎^[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN

[1] Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎^[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN

[2] Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN

[1]

[2]