Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pótis

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Derksen writes: “It is often assumed that the meaning ‘lord, husband’ derives from an even older meaning ‘self’, as found in pàts” (see Lithuanian pàts (“(singular masculine) self”)).

Noun

*pótis m

master, ruler
husband

Inflection

Athematic, acrostatic
	singular
nominative	*pótis
genitive	*pótis
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*pótis	*pótih₁(e)	*póteyes
vocative	*póti	*pótih₁(e)	*póteyes
accusative	*pótim	*pótih₁(e)	*pótims
genitive	*pótis	*?	*pótyoHom
ablative	*pótis	*?	pótimos, pótibʰos
dative	*pótyey	*?	pótimos, pótibʰos
locative	*póti	*?	*pótisu
instrumental	*pótih₁	*?	pótimis, pótibʰis

Athematic, proterokinetic
	singular
nominative	*pótis
genitive	*pótis
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*pótis	*pótih₁(e)	*póteyes
vocative	*póti	*pótih₁(e)	*póteyes
accusative	*pótim	*pótih₁(e)	*pótims
genitive	*pótis	*?	*pótyoHom
ablative	*pótis	*?	pótimos, pótibʰos
dative	*pótyey	*?	pótimos, pótibʰos
locative	*póti	*?	*pótisu
instrumental	*pótih₁	*?	pótimis, pótibʰis

Derived terms

Descendants

Proto-Albanian: *pat(i)-
- Albanian: pata
Proto-Balto-Slavic: *patis
- Latgalian: pats, pots
- Latvian: pats
- Lithuanian: pats
- Proto-Slavic: *potь
  - ⇒ Proto-Slavic: *gospodь (see there for further descendants)
  - ⇒ Proto-Slavic: *potьběga (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Celtic: *ɸotis
- ⇒ Proto-Celtic: *ɸotik(k)os^[1]
  - Proto-Brythonic: *oðɨx
    - Middle Breton: ozech
      - Breton: ozhacʼh sg, ezhecʼh pl (“married man, husband”)
  - Old Irish: aithech (“master of a house, husband”)
Proto-Germanic: *fadiz (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Hellenic: *pótis (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pátiš (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Italic: *potis (see there for further descendants)

References

Derksen, Rick (2015) Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 346

^ Koch, John (2004) “lord *φotiko-”, in English–Proto-Celtic Word-list with attested comparanda‎^[1], University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies, page 208

[1] Koch, John (2004) “lord *φotiko-”, in English–Proto-Celtic Word-list with attested comparanda‎^[1], University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies, page 208

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