Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ph₃tós

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative reconstructions

  • *ph₃itós

Etymology

    From *peh₃- (“to drink”) +‎ *-tós.

    Adjective

    *ph₃tós (non-ablauting)[1][2]

    1. drunk

    Declension

    Thematic
    masculine feminine
    nominative *ph₃tós *ph₃téh₂
    genitive *ph₃tósyo *ph₃téh₂s
    masculine singular dual plural
    nominative *ph₃tós *ph₃tóh₁ *ph₃tóes
    vocative *ph₃té *ph₃tóh₁ *ph₃tóes
    accusative *ph₃tóm *ph₃tóh₁ *ph₃tóms
    genitive *ph₃tósyo *? *ph₃tóHom
    ablative *ph₃téad *? *ph₃tómos, *ph₃tóbʰos
    dative *ph₃tóey *? *ph₃tómos, *ph₃tóbʰos
    locative *ph₃téy, *ph₃tóy *? *ph₃tóysu
    instrumental *ph₃tóh₁ *? *ph₃tṓys
    feminine singular dual plural
    nominative *ph₃téh₂ *ph₃téh₂h₁(e) *ph₃téh₂es
    vocative *ph₃téh₂ *ph₃téh₂h₁(e) *ph₃téh₂es
    accusative *ph₃tā́m *ph₃téh₂h₁(e) *ph₃téh₂m̥s
    genitive *ph₃téh₂s *? *ph₃téh₂oHom
    ablative *ph₃téh₂s *? *ph₃téh₂mos, *ph₃téh₂bʰos
    dative *ph₃téh₂ey *? *ph₃téh₂mos, *ph₃téh₂bʰos
    locative *ph₃téh₂, *ph₃téh₂i *? *ph₃téh₂su
    instrumental *ph₃téh₂h₁ *? *ph₃téh₂mis, *ph₃téh₂bʰis
    neuter singular dual plural
    nominative *ph₃tóm *ph₃tóy(h₁) *ph₃téh₂
    vocative *ph₃tóm *ph₃tóy(h₁) *ph₃téh₂
    accusative *ph₃tóm *ph₃tóy(h₁) *ph₃téh₂
    genitive *ph₃tósyo *? *ph₃tóHom
    ablative *ph₃téad *? *ph₃tómos, *ph₃tóbʰos
    dative *ph₃tóey *? *ph₃tómos, *ph₃tóbʰos
    locative *ph₃téy, *ph₃tóy *? *ph₃tóysu
    instrumental *ph₃tóh₁ *? *ph₃tṓys

    Descendants

    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *pītas (< *ph₃itós)
      • Proto-Slavic: *pitъ
    • Proto-Hellenic: *potós
      • Ancient Greek: ποτός (potós, “drunk; that which drinks; drink, for drinking”)
    • Proto-Italic: *pōtos
      • Latin: pōtus
        • ⇒ Latin: pōtō (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pHtás

    References

    1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “pōtus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 485
    2. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “πίνω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1194-1195
    3. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1963) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 252
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