Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/selp-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*selp-^[1]^[2]^[3]

fat, oil

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *selp- (3 c, 0 e)

*solp-éh₂^[4]
- Proto-Germanic: *salbō (see there for further descendants)
*sólp-eh₂
- Proto-Hellenic: *(h)ólpā^{[note 1]}
  - >? Ancient Greek: ὄλπη (ólpē, “flask for oil”) (see there for further descendants)
^?*sólp-r̥^[6]
- Proto-Italic: *solpor, *solpur^?
  - >? Latin: sulpur, sulphur (or irregularly from *sélp-os ~ *sélp-es-; see below)^{[note 2]} (see there for further descendants)
*sélp-os ~ *sélp-es- (s-stem noun)
- Proto-Albanian: *selpa (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Hellenic: *(h)élpos^{[note 1]}
  - >? Ancient Greek: ἔλπος (élpos, “olive oil”), ἔλφος (élphos) — Cypriot
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *sarpíš
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *sarpíṣ
    - Sanskrit: सर्पिस् (sarpís) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Italic: *solpos (change to o-grade)^?^[7]
  - >? Latin: sulpur, sulphur (unusual analogical change to -ur; cf. fulgur)^{[note 2]} (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Tocharian: *ṣälype
  - Tocharian A: ṣälyp
  - Tocharian B: ṣalype^[8]
*sl̥p-rós (adjective)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *sr̥prás
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *sr̥prás
    - Sanskrit: सृप्र (sṛprá)
Unsorted formations:
- Proto-Indo-Iranian:
  - Proto-Iranian:
    - Middle Persian: clp (čarb)
    - Parthian: 𐫝𐫡𐫁 (crb /⁠čarb⁠/, “smooth, mild”)
    - Pashto: څورب (śorb)
    - Baluchi: [script needed] (čarp, “fat”)
    - Central Kurdish: چەور (çewr, “fat”)
    - Ossetian: царв (carv)

Notes

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Expected rough breathing reflecting *s- is not present. Also, the variation in the stop consonant may point to a Pre-Greek origin.^[5]
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 But more likely a wanderwort related to Proto-Germanic *sweblaz.

References

^ Wodtko, Dagmar S., Irslinger, Britta, Schneider, Carolin (2008) “*selp-”, in Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, pages 612-613
^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992–2001) “sarpís-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[2] (in German), volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 710-711
^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*salbō-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[3], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 424
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἔλπος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 415–416
^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “sulpur, -uris”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 598
^ Szemerényi, Oswald (1995) “Etyma Latina VII, 38–44”, in Wojciech Smoczyński, editor, Kuryłowicz Memorial Volume, Part One (Analecta Indoevropaea Cracoviensia; 2), Krakow: Jagiellonian University, →ISBN, page 410 of 409–416
^ Victor Mair (22 June 2022) “Tocharian words for oil”, in Language Log‎^[4], retrieved 22 June 2022

[n1-6] 1.0 ^1.1 Expected rough breathing reflecting *s- is not present. Also, the variation in the stop consonant may point to a Pre-Greek origin.^[5]

[n2-8] 2.0 ^2.1 But more likely a wanderwort related to Proto-Germanic *sweblaz.

[1] Wodtko, Dagmar S., Irslinger, Britta, Schneider, Carolin (2008) “*selp-”, in Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, pages 612-613

[2] Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

[3] Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992–2001) “sarpís-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[2] (in German), volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 710-711

[EDPG-4] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*salbō-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[3], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 424

[5] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἔλπος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 415–416

[EDL-7] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “sulpur, -uris”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 598

[9] Szemerényi, Oswald (1995) “Etyma Latina VII, 38–44”, in Wojciech Smoczyński, editor, Kuryłowicz Memorial Volume, Part One (Analecta Indoevropaea Cracoviensia; 2), Krakow: Jagiellonian University, →ISBN, page 410 of 409–416

[txb-10] Victor Mair (22 June 2022) “Tocharian words for oil”, in Language Log‎^[4], retrieved 22 June 2022

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[note 1]

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