Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/ćákr̥

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱókʷr̥ (“dung”).

Noun

*ćákr̥ n^[1]

dung, excrement, faeces

Inflection

neuter consonant stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ćákr̥	*ćákniH	*ćákār
vocative	*ćákr̥	*ćákniH	*ćákār
accusative	*ćákr̥	*ćákniH	*ćákār
instrumental	*ćaknáH	*ćakábʰyā(m)	*ćakábʰiš
ablative	*ćaknás	*ćakábʰyā(m)	*ćakábʰyaH
dative	*ćaknáy	*ćakábʰyā(m)	*ćakábʰyaH
genitive	*ćaknás	*ćakaHā́s	*ćaknáHam
locative	*ćakán(i)	*ćakaHáw	*ćakásu

Descendants

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śákr̥
- Sanskrit: शकृत् (śákṛt) (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Iranian: *cákr̥
- Baluchi: سغن (saġan, “dung”)
- Middle Persian: [Book Pahlavi needed] (slgyn' /⁠sargēn⁠/, “dung, manure”)
  - Classical Persian: سرگین (sargēn, “dung”)
  - → Arabic: سِرْجِين (sirjīn), سِرْقِين (sirqīn)
- Old Khotanese: [script needed] (satana) (< *sakan)
Proto-Nuristani: *cakírta, *cakā́na (< *ćákr̥t ~ *ćaknás)
- Northern Nuristani:
  - Kamkata-viri:
    Kamviri: ćíṭ, ćṹ
    
    Kativiri: ćíṭ, ćú
  - Prasuni: žiṭe, zõ
- Southern Nuristani:
  - Ashkun: gasā̃́ (< *gā́wā-cakā́na)
  - Waigali: ćoṭ

References

^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “śákar- (śákn-)”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University

[1] Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “śákar- (śákn-)”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University

[1]