Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/ǰyáH

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *gʷyéH.

Noun

*ǰyáH f^[1]

bowstring

Inflection

aH-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ǰyáH	*ǰyáy	*ǰyā́s
vocative	*ǰyáy	*ǰyáy	*ǰyā́s
accusative	*ǰyā́m	*ǰyáy	*ǰyā́s
instrumental	*ǰyáH, -ayaH	*ǰyáHbʰyā(m)	*ǰyáHbʰiš
ablative	*ǰyáyaHs	*ǰyáHbʰyā(m)	*ǰyáHbʰyas
dative	*ǰyáyaHi	*ǰyáHbʰyā(m)	*ǰyáHbʰyas
genitive	*ǰyáyaHs	*ǰyáyHās	*ǰyáHnaHam
locative	*ǰyáyaH	*ǰyáyHaw	*ǰyáHsu

Derived terms

*ǰyáHakah ~ ǰyáHīkah (“related to string, of string”)
- Khwarezmian: ازیک (ʾzyk /⁠*əzīk⁠/, “rope; bowstring”)
- Baluchi: جیگ (jīg, “string”)
- Northern Kurdish: jîk (/⁠žīk⁠/)
- Middle Persian: (/⁠zīg⁠/, “of string; table; asrtonomical table, Zij”)
  Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (zyk')
  
  Manichaean script: 𐫉𐫏𐫏𐫃 (zyyg), 𐫉𐫙𐫏𐫃 (zʿyg)
  
  Pazend script: 𐬘𐬍𐬐 (jīk)
  - Classical Persian: زیگ (zīg, “Zij; table; intestine's strings”)
    - → Arabic: زيج (zīj), زيق (zīq)
      - → Persian: زیج (zij)
        Iranian Persian: زیچ (zīč, “intestine's strings”) (misspelling)
        
        Iranian Persian: زیچک (zīčak, “intestine's sausage”), زیجک (zijak)
        → Ottoman Turkish: صوجوق (sucuq)
        Turkish: sucuk

Descendants

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ȷ́yáH
- Sanskrit: ज्या (jyā́) (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Iranian: *ǰyáH
- Avestan: 𐬘𐬌𐬌𐬁 (jiiā)
- Ossetian: (“sinew; vein, strings”)
  Digor Ossetian: гъеу (ǧew)
  
  Iron Ossetian: хъиу (qiw)
- Khotanese: [script needed] (jye)
- Pashto: ژۍ (žəy)
- Kurdish:
  Central Kurdish: ژێ (jê /⁠žē⁠/)
  
  Northern Kurdish: jih (/⁠žih⁠/), jî (/⁠žī⁠/)
- Gurani: ژی (jî /⁠žī⁠/)
- Middle Persian: (/⁠zīh⁠/)
  Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (zyh)
  
  Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭦𐭩𐭧 (zyḥ)
  - Classical Persian: زه (zih, “bowstring”)
    Dari: زه (zih)
    
    Iranian Persian: زه (zeh)
    
    Tajik: зиҳ (zih)

References

^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “jyā́-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University

[1] Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “jyā́-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University

[1]