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This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Indo-Iranian
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *ǵénus with inexplicable aspiration of *ȷ́.
Noun
*ȷ́ʰánuš f[1] (anatomy)
- jaw
- chin
Inflection
| masculine u-stem
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singular
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dual
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plural
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| nominative
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*ȷ́ʰánuš
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*ȷ́ʰánuH
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*ȷ́ʰánawas
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| vocative
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*ȷ́ʰánaw
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*ȷ́ʰánuH
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*ȷ́ʰánawas
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| accusative
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*ȷ́ʰánum
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*ȷ́ʰánuH
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*ȷ́ʰánunš
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| instrumental
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*ȷ́ʰánuH
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*ȷ́ʰánubʰyā(m)
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*ȷ́ʰánubʰiš
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| ablative
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*ȷ́ʰánwas
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*ȷ́ʰánubʰyā(m)
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*ȷ́ʰánubʰyas
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| dative
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*ȷ́ʰánaway
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*ȷ́ʰánubʰyā(m)
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*ȷ́ʰánubʰyas
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| genitive
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*ȷ́ʰánwas
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*ȷ́ʰánuwās
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*ȷ́ʰánuHnaHam
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| locative
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*ȷ́ʰánāw
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*ȷ́ʰánuwaw
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*ȷ́ʰánušu
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Descendants
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *źʰánuṣ
- Proto-Iranian: *jánuš
- Avestan: 𐬰𐬁𐬥𐬎 (zānu)
- ⇒ Proto-Iranian: *jánukah
- Kurdish:
- Northern Kurdish: erzink, erzing, çene
- Central Kurdish: چەناگە (çenage), چەنەگە (çenege)
- Southern Kurdish: چناکە (çnake)
- Laki: زِنج (zinc)
- Proto-Medo-Parthian:
- Parthian:
- Manichaean script: 𐫉𐫗𐫟 (znx /zanax/)
- Proto-Zaza-Gorani:
- Gurani: چەناکە (čanāka), زنج (zinǰ)
- Zazaki: çenge
- → Persian: چانه (čâne), (Qazwini Dialect) چکن (čakan), چک (čak, “upper/lower jaw”)
- Digor Ossetian: закъӕ (zak’æ), зекъӕ (zek’æ)
- Iron Ossetian: зачъе (zaḱ’e)
- Middle Persian:
- Manichaean script: 𐫅𐫗𐫇𐫃 (dnwg /danūg/)
- Lurish:
- Northern Luri: چناْ (čena)
- Nahavandi: زنج (zenj)
- Bakhtiari: زنج (zenj)
- Southern Luri: زنج (zenj)
- Pashto: زنه (zana)
References
- ^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “hánu-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University