Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/mr̥gás
Proto-Indo-Iranian
Etymology
Likely limited to Indo-Iranian, perhaps a substrate borrowing. A doubtful connection has been suggested to Proto-Indo-European *(h₂)merh₂gʷ- (“dark”).[1] Burrow suggests a connection to Ancient Greek μάργος (márgos, “mad, furious”), with the putative semantic shift in Indo-Iranian being "mad" > "wild" > "wild beast", but according to Beekes, it is a Pre-Greek word.[2]
Noun
*mr̥gás m
Inflection
| masculine a-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | *mr̥gás | *mr̥gā́(w) | *mr̥gā́s(as) |
| vocative | *mŕ̥ga | *mŕ̥gā(w) | *mŕ̥gās(as) |
| accusative | *mr̥gám | *mr̥gā́(w) | *mr̥gā́ns |
| instrumental | *mr̥gáH | *mr̥gáybʰyā(m) | *mr̥gā́yš |
| ablative | *mr̥gā́t | *mr̥gáybʰyā(m) | *mr̥gáybʰyas |
| dative | *mr̥gā́y | *mr̥gáybʰyā(m) | *mr̥gáybʰyas |
| genitive | *mr̥gásya | *mr̥gáyās | *mr̥gā́naHam |
| locative | *mr̥gáy | *mr̥gáyaw | *mr̥gáyšu |
Descendants
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *mr̥gás
- Sanskrit: मृग (mṛgá, “wild beast; deer”) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Iranian: *mr̥gáh (“hen, bird”) (see there for further descendants)
- ⇒ Proto-Nuristani: *mr̥ngācá (“bird”) (with addition of Proto-Indo-Iranian *-ā́ćš)
- Northern Nuristani:
- Kamkata-viri:
- Kamviri: mřaṅćë́
- Kativiri: mřëṅáć
- Prasuni: maṅćṹ, nĩź
- Kamkata-viri:
- Southern Nuristani: *ningācá (assimilation for *mr̥ngācá)
- Ashkun: niṅasë́
- Waigali: niṅëćë
- Northern Nuristani:
References
- ^ Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 147
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 370-1