Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/cwaHdapatiš

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From *cwáHdah (“army”) +‎ *pati- (“lord”) (from Proto-Indo-European *pótis (“master”)).

Noun

*cwaHdapatiš

  1. general, commander

Inflection

masculine/feminine i-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *cwaHdapatiš *cwaHdapatiH *cwaHdapatayah
vocative *cwaHdapatay *cwaHdapatiH *cwaHdapatayah
accusative *cwaHdapatim *cwaHdapatiH *cwaHdapatinš
instrumental *cwaHdapatiH *cwaHdapatibʰyā(m) *cwaHdapatibʰiš
ablative *cwaHdapatayš *cwaHdapatibʰyā(m) *cwaHdapatibʰyah
dative *cwaHdapatayay *cwaHdapatibʰyā(m) *cwaHdapatibʰyah
genitive *cwaHdapatayš *cwaHdapatiyāh *cwaHdapatiHnaHam
locative *cwaHdapatāy *cwaHdapatiyaw *cwaHdapatišu

Descendants

  • Middle Median: *aspāδapat, *aspāδapati (early form), *aspāhapet (late form)
  • Middle Persian: 𐭮𐭯𐭠𐭧𐭯𐭲𐭩 (spāhbed), [script needed] (spāhbedān spāhbed), [script needed] (Ērān-spāhbed, “generalissimo; commander in chief”)
    • Persian: سپهبد (sepahbod), اسپهبد (espahbod), سپاهبد (sepâhbad), سپاهبذ (sepâhbaz), اسپاهبذ (espâhboz), اسپهبذ (espahboz), اسبهبد (esbahbad), اسبهبد (esbahbaz), اسفهبد (esfahbad, esfahbod), اسفهبذ (esfahbaz)
    • → Ancient Greek: ἀσπαβέδης (aspabédēs), Ασπετιος (Aspetios), Ασπεϝεδες (Aspewedes), Ασπεβεδες (Aspebedes) (or all from [Term?] (/⁠Aspbed⁠/) or its cognates)
    • → Arabic: إِصْبَهْبَذ (ʔiṣbahbaḏ), أَصْبَهْبَذ (ʔaṣbahbaḏ), صِبَهْبَذ (ṣibahbaḏ)
      • → Persian: اصفهبد (esfahbad)
    • → Old Armenian: սպայապետ (spayapet) (possibly)
    • → Classical Syriac: ܐܣܦܗܒܝܕ (sphbyd), [script needed] (aspabid), [script needed] (astabid)
  • Parthian: 𐭎𐭐𐭀𐭃𐭐𐭕𐭉 (spʾdpty)
  • Sogdian:
  • → Georgian: სპასპეტი (sṗasṗeṭi)
    • → English: spaspet

References

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