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This Proto-Japonic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Japonic
Etymology 1
Possibly related to *we (“man”) and *wi (“boar”).
Noun
*wo
- man; male
Descendants
- Old Japanese: 男 (wo, “man”)
- Japanese: 男 (o) (in compounds)
- Old Japanese: 雄 (wo, “male”)
- Japanese: 雄 (o) (in compounds)
- Proto-Ryukyuan: *wo (“male”)
- Northern Ryukyuan:
- ⇒ Kunigami: 雄物 (wūmun)
- Northern Amami Ōshima: 雄 (wū)
- ⇒ Okinawan: 雄物 (wūmun)
- ⇒ Southern Amami Ōshima: 雄物 (wūmun)
- Southern Ryukyuan:
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
Noun
*wo
- cord
Descendants
- Old Japanese: 緒 (wo)
- Japanese: 緒 (o, Heian
HH, Tokyo 1 [H(L)], Kyoto 1 [LH ~ LL(H)] (ZAJ)/0 [HH(H)] (NKD2), Kagoshima A [F(L)] (perhaps accent irregularity is influenced by Japanese 尾 (o, “tail”)?)[1][2])
- Proto-Ryukyuan: *wo
- Northern Ryukyuan:
- Kikai: 緒 (wū, ū, gū)
- Kunigami: 緒 (wū /wúː/)
- Northern Amami Ōshima: 緒 (wū, in compounds)
- Okinawan: 緒 (wū /wûː/)
- Southern Amami Ōshima: 緒 (wu /wùˑ/)
- Yoron: 緒 (pū /pùː/)
- Southern Ryukyuan:
- Miyako: 緒 (bū)
- Yaeyama: 緒 (bū /bûː/)
- Yonaguni: 緒 (bū /búː/)
Etymology 3
Particle
*wo
- accusative marker
- away from, off
Descendants
- Old Japanese: を (wo)
- Proto-Ryukyuan: *wo
- Northern Ryukyuan:
- Okinawan: ゆ (yu) (archaic, literary)
- Southern Ryukyuan:
- Miyako: う (u), ゆ (yu)
- Yaeyama: ゆ (yu) (literary)
References
- ^ “お［を］ 【緒】”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here
- ^ Hirayama, Teruo, editor (1960), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN