Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/nəpuq

This Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian

Alternative forms

*ləpuq

Noun

*nəpuq

stonefish

Descendants

Philippine
- Central Philippine
  - Bisayan
    - Cebuano: lupo
- Sangiric
  - Sangir: nepo
Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands
- Nias: nöfu
Malayic
- Malay: lepu
  - Indonesian: lepu
Celebic
- Kaili–Pamona
  - Pamona: nopu
- Wotu–Wolio
  - Wolio: nopu
- Muna–Buton
  - Muna: nopu
Chamorro: nufo'
Eastern Malayo-Polynesian
- Halmahera–Cenderawasih
  - South Halmahera
    - Sawai: nof
    - Buli (Indonesia): nof
- Proto-Oceanic: *nopuq, *lopu, *lopu
  - Admiralty Islands
    - Eastern Admiralty Islands
      - Manus
        Loniu: noh
        Likum: noh
    - Western Admiralty Islands
      - Seimat: noh
      - Wuvulu-Aua: nofu
  - Western Oceanic
    - Papuan Tip
      - Motu: nohu
      - Kilivila: nou
      - Molima: nowu
    - Meso-Melanesian
      - Roviana: novu
      - Simbo: novu
  - Central–Eastern Oceanic
    - Southern Oceanic
      - Mota: low
    - Southeast Solomonic
      - Bughotu–Nggela
        Gela: novu
      - Malaita–Makira
        Arosi: nohu
    - Proto-Micronesian: *nowu
      - Chuukese: noow
    - Central Pacific
      - Fijian: novu
      - Proto-Polynesian: *nofu
        Tongic
        Tongan: nofu
        Niuean: nofu
        Nuclear Polynesian
        Samoic–Outlier
        Ellicean–Outlier
        Nukuoro: nohu
        Sikaiana: nohu
        Kapingamarangi: nohu
        Futunic
        Anuta: nopu
        East Futuna: nofu
        Futuna-Aniwa: nofu
        Samoic
        Samoan: nofu
        Tokelauan: nofu
        Eastern Polynesian
        Marquesic
        Hawaiian: nohu
        Mangarevan: noʻu
        North Marquesan: nohu
        Tahitic
        Maori: nohu
        Tahitian: nohu
        Rarotongan: no‘u
        Rapa Nui: nohu

References

Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*nepuq”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI