Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ṯ̣urr-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Alternative reconstructions

Noun

*ṯ̣urr- m or f

  1. barrow, crag
  2. flint

Inflection

Declension of *ṯ̣urr-
case singular dual plural
nominative *ṯ̣urrum *ṯ̣urrāna plural stem + *-ūna
accusative *ṯ̣urram *ṯ̣urrayna plural stem + *-īna
genitive *ṯ̣urrim
possessive forms
1st person *ṯ̣urrī / *ṯ̣urrVya — *ṯ̣urrVni
2nd person m *ṯ̣urrVka *ṯ̣urrVkumā / *ṯ̣urrVkumay *ṯ̣urrVkum(ū)
2nd person f *ṯ̣urrVki *ṯ̣urrVkin(ā)
3rd person m *ṯ̣urrVšu *ṯ̣urrVšumā / *ṯ̣urrVšumay *ṯ̣urrVšum(ū)
3rd person f *ṯ̣urrVša *ṯ̣urrVšin(ā)

the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible. Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *ṯ̣urruya for nom. case, *ṯ̣urriya for gen. case, *ṯ̣urraya for acc. case, etc.

Descendants

  • East Semitic:
    • Akkadian: 𒎎𒅗 (ṣurrum)
  • West Semitic:
    • Central Semitic:
      • Ancient North Arabian:
        • Arabic: ظُرَر (ẓurar), ظُرَرَة (ẓurara), ظِرّ (ẓirr)
        • Safaitic: 𐪜𐪇 (ẓr), 𐪜𐪇𐪗 (ẓrṭ)
      • Northwest Semitic:
        • Aramaic:
        Hebrew script: טוּרָא (ṭūrā)
        Syriac script: ܛܘܪܐ (ṭūrā)
        ⇒ Classical Syriac: ܛܲܪܵܢܵܐ (ṭarrānā)
    • Old South Arabian:
      • Sabaean: 𐩼𐩥𐩧 (ẓwr), 𐩼𐩧 (ẓr)

References

  • Kogan, Leonid (2011) “Proto-Semitic Phonetics and Phonology”, in Weninger, Stefan, editor, The Semitic Languages. An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft – Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science; 36), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 95
  • Kogan, Leonid (2011) “Proto-Semitic Lexicon”, in Weninger, Stefan, editor, The Semitic Languages. An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft – Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science; 36), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 190
  • Müller, Walter W. (1971) “Willard Gurdon Oxtoby: Some Inscriptions of the Safaitic Beduin. American Oriental Series, Volume 50. New Haven, Connecticut 1968. VIII + 172 S., 22 Tafeln. 8°”, in Die Welt des Orients‎[1] (in German), volume 6, page 135
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