Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/rigl-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Noun

*rigl- m

foot, leg

Inflection

Declension of *rigl-
case	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*riglum	*riglāna	plural stem + *-ūna
accusative	*riglam	*riglayna	plural stem + *-īna
genitive	*riglim	*riglayna	plural stem + *-īna

possessive forms
1^st person	riglī / riglVya	—	*riglVni
2^nd person m	*riglVka	riglVkumā / riglVkumay	*riglVkum(ū)
2^nd person f	*riglVki	riglVkumā / riglVkumay	*riglVkin(ā)
3^rd person m	*riglVšu	riglVšumā / riglVšumay	*riglVšum(ū)
3^rd person f	*riglVša	riglVšumā / riglVšumay	*riglVšin(ā)

the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible. Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *rigluya for nom. case, *rigliya for gen. case, *riglaya for acc. case, etc.

Descendants

East Semitic:
- Akkadian: 𒊑𒅅𒇻 (riglum, “hoof, foot; foodstuff, leg of an animal”)
West Semitic:
- Central Semitic:
  - Arabic: رِجْل f (rijl)
    - Egyptian Arabic: رجل f (regl)
    - Gulf Arabic: ريل f (rīl)
    - Hijazi Arabic: رِجِل f (rijil)
    - Maltese: riġel f
    - Moroccan Arabic: رجل f (rjal)
    - North Levantine Arabic: إجر f (ʔijr)
  - Northwest Semitic:
    - Aramaic:
      Imperial Aramaic: 𐡓𐡂𐡋 (rgl)
      
      Palmyrene Aramaic: 𐡴𐡢𐡫 (rgl)
      
      Jewish Palestinian Aramaic: רִגְל (riḡl)
      
      Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: נִגְרָא / נִיגְרָא (nīgrā) (with metathesis)
      - Classical Syriac: ܪܶܓܠܳܐ (reḡlā), also ܢܶܓܪܳܐ (neḡra)
      - Classical Mandaic: ࡋࡉࡂࡓࡀ (ligra)
    - Canaanite:
      - Hebrew: רֶגֶל (régel, réḡel)
    - Ugaritic: 𒊑𒅅𒇻 (riglu)
  - Old South Arabian:
    - Minaean: 𐩧𐩴𐩡 (rgl)
    - Sabaean: 𐩧𐩴𐩡 (rgl)
- Ethiopian Semitic (controversial):
  - Argobba: ingir, ʾägər
  - Amharic: እግር (ʾəgr)
  - Gafat: əgʷra, əgʷri
  - Ge'ez: እግር (ʾəgr)
  - Harari: ኢጊር (ʾigir), ኢንጊር (ʾingir)
  - Inor: አግር (ägər)
  - Kistane: አግር (ägər)
  - Sebat Bet Gurage: አግር (ʾägər)
  - Silt'e: እንግር (ʾəngər)
  - Tigre: እግር (ʾəgr)
  - Tigrinya: እግሪ (ʾəgri)
  - Wolane: እንግር (ʾəngər)
  - Zay: እንግር (ʾəngər)

References

Militarev, Alexander, Kogan, Leonid (2000) Semitic Etymological Dictionary, volumes I: Anatomy of Man and Animals, Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 201–202