Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan/tək

This Proto-Sino-Tibetan entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan

Reconstruction

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *tjək (Coblin, 1986)
- Proto-Tibeto-Burman: *tak ⪤ *dak (Matisoff, STEDT); *dak (Mortensen, 2012); *d-rak, *tak=*trak (LaPolla, 1987); *trak ~ *tak (Weidert, 1987; Benedict, 1972); *trɑk ~ *tɑk (Chou, 1972)

NB: Some Tibeto-Burman languages have a variant (or a different etymon) with *r-initial. Some (e.g. Schuessler, 2007) posit *t- ~ *r- proto-variation in this root, akin to the *r- variant in *m-t(w)əj-n ~ m-ti-s (“water”). This variation is due to the lenition of *t to *r when prefixed.^[1]

Verb

*tək

to weave, to plait

Descendants

Old Chinese: 織 / 织 (zhī) /*tək/ (B-S) ("to weave"), /*tək-s/ (B-S) ("woven cloth")
- Middle Chinese: 織 / 织 (t͡ɕɨk, t͡ɕɨH)
  - Modern Mandarin
    - Beijing: 織 / 织 (zhī, /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/, “to weave”)
Proto-Bodish: *(')tʰak (see there for further descendants)
rGyalrongic
- rGyalrong
  - Japhug: taʁ
Naic
- Proto-Naish: *dak
  - Naxi: ddaq (/⁠dɑ²¹⁠/)
  - Narua: ddaq (/⁠dɑ˩˥⁠/)
Lolo-Burmese: *rak ⪤ *tak/*dak ⪤ *k-rak (LaPolla, 1987)
- Burmish
  - Burmese: ရက် (rak, “to weave”) (see note above), Burmese: ဆက် (hcak, “to connect”) (?).
Proto-Tangkhulic: *dak
- Tangkhul Naga: kharak

References

^ Lai, Yunfan (2023) “Lenition alternation in West Gyalrongic and its implications for Southeast Asian panchronic phonology”, in Diachronica, volume 40, number 3, →ISSN, pages 341–383

[1] Lai, Yunfan (2023) “Lenition alternation in West Gyalrongic and its implications for Southeast Asian panchronic phonology”, in Diachronica, volume 40, number 3, →ISSN, pages 341–383

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