Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/četyre

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ketū́res, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres. The source of the acute long *-ūˀ- (> *-ỳ- in Slavic) is unclear.

Numeral

**Proto-Slavic numbers ^(edit)**
	40
← 3	4	5 →
Cardinal: četyre Ordinal: četvьrtъ Adverbial: četyre šьdy, četyre kortь Multiplier: četverъnъ, četyre kortьnъ Collective: čеtvеrо Fractional: četvьrtina, četvьrtь, četvьrtъka

*četỳre^[1]^[2]^[3]

four

Declension

Declension of *četyre
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	*četyre	*četyri	*četyri
Accusative	*četyri	*četyri	*četyri
Genitive	*četyrъ	*četyrъ	*četyrъ
Locative	*četyrьxъ	*četyrьxъ	*četyrьxъ
Dative	*četyrьmъ	*četyrьmъ	*četyrьmъ
Instrumental	*četyrьmi	*četyrьmi	*četyrьmi

Alternative forms

*čьtyre (unaccented *е reduced to *ь)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: четꙑре (četyre)
  - Old Ruthenian: чотыри (čotyri), четы́ри (četýri), чаты́ри (čatýri)
    - Belarusian: чаты́ры (čatýry)
    - Carpathian Rusyn: четы́ри (četŷ́ry), шты́ри (štŷ́ry)
    - Ukrainian: чоти́ри (čotýry); шти́ри (štýry) (dialectal)
  - Russian: четы́ре (četýre)
- Old Novgorodian: цетꙑри (ćetyri), цотꙑри (ćotyri)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  - Cyrillic: четꙑре (četyre)
  - Glagolitic: ⱍⰵⱅⱏⰺⱃⰵ (četyre)
- Bulgarian: че́тири (čétiri)
- Macedonian: четири (četiri)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  - Cyrillic script: чѐтири
  - Latin script: čètiri
- Slovene: štírje, štíri (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: čtyřie, čtyři (later)
  - Czech: čtyři
- Old Polish: cztery
  - Polish: cztery
  - Silesian: sztyry
- Old Slovak: čtyria, čtyri, štyria, štyri
  - Pannonian Rusyn: штири (štiri)
  - Slovak: štyria, štyri
- Polabian: citĕr
- Pomeranian:
  - Kashubian: sztërë
  - Slovincian: sztérzë
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: styri, styrjo
  - Upper Sorbian: štyri

References

^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*četỳre”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 87: “num. (a) ‘four’”
^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “četyre”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a fire (PR 133)”
^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “štírje”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*čety̋re, *čьty̋re”

[1] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*četỳre”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 87: “num. (a) ‘four’”

[2] Olander, Thomas (2001) “četyre”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a fire (PR 133)”

[3] Snoj, Marko (2016) “štírje”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*čety̋re, *čьty̋re”

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