Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ščuka

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Further etymology is unknown. Some linguists suggest origin from Proto-Indo-European *skew-, with determinative *-k-.^[1]^[2] However compare with the Polish name for the pike, newly formed in the 17th-century, szczupak, derived from szczupać (“to pinch”), by comparison with which one derives *ščuka too as deverbal from *ščukati (“to pinch”) – named after the fish’s predatory behaviour.^[3] Probably also related to Proto-Finnic *hauki, which may be borrowed from Slavic, or both words may originate from a substrate.

Noun

*ščùka f^[4]

pike (fish)

Declension

Declension of *ščùka (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ščùka	*ščùcě	*ščùky
genitive	*ščùky	*ščùku	*ščùkъ
dative	*ščùcě	*ščùkama	*ščùkamъ
accusative	*ščùkǫ	*ščùcě	*ščùky
instrumental	ščùkojǫ, ščùkǭ^**	*ščùkama	*ščùkamī
locative	*ščùcě	*ščùku	ščùkasъ, ščùkaxъ^*
vocative	*ščùko	*ščùcě	*ščùky

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic:
  - Old Ruthenian: щу́ка (ščúka)
    - Carpathian Rusyn: щу́ка (ščúka)
    - Ukrainian: щу́ка (ščúka); щю́ка (ščjúka) (dialectal)
  - Russian: щу́ка (ščúka)
- Old Novgorodian: щюка (śćjuka)
South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: щу́ка (štúka)
- Macedonian: шту́ка (štúka)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: шту̏ка
  
  Latin: štȕka
- Slovene: ščúka (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: ščuka
  - Czech: štika
- Kashubian: szczëka
- Polabian: sťauko
- Old Polish: szczuka
- Slovak: šťuka
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: šćuk m
  - Upper Sorbian: šćuka

Non-Slavic:
- → Hungarian: csuka
  - → Romanian: ciucă
- → Romanian: știucă
- ⇒? Ottoman Turkish: چوقه بالغی (çoka balığı, çuka balığı)

References

^ Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “щу́ка”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
^ Toporov, Vladimir N., Trubachyov, Oleg N. (1962) Lingvisticheskiy analiz gidronimov Verkhnego Podneprovya‎^[1] (in Russian), Moscow: Publishing house of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, page 246
^ Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “Proto-Slavic/ščuka”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN, page 599
^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “ščuka”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[2], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (PR 132; RPT 109)”

[1] Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “щу́ка”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

[2] Toporov, Vladimir N., Trubachyov, Oleg N. (1962) Lingvisticheskiy analiz gidronimov Verkhnego Podneprovya‎^[1] (in Russian), Moscow: Publishing house of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, page 246

[3] Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “Proto-Slavic/ščuka”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN, page 599

[4] Olander, Thomas (2001) “ščuka”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[2], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (PR 132; RPT 109)”

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]