Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/šibenica

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

According to Vasmer, related to *šibati (“to whip”).

Noun

*šibenica f

(North Slavic) gallows

Inflection

Declension of *šibenica (soft a-stem)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*šibenica	*šibenici	*šibenicę̇
genitive	*šibenicę̇	*šibenicu	*šibenicь
dative	*šibenici	*šibenicama	*šibenicamъ
accusative	*šibenicǫ	*šibenici	*šibenicę̇
instrumental	šibenicejǫ, šibenicǫ^**	*šibenicama	*šibenicami
locative	*šibenici	*šibenicu	šibenicasъ, šibenicaxъ^*
vocative	*šibenice	*šibenici	*šibenicę̇

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old Ruthenian: шибеница (šibenica)
  - Belarusian: шы́беніца (šýbjenica)
  - Ukrainian: ши́бениця (šýbenycja)
- Russian: ши́беница (šíbenica)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: šibenicě
  - Czech: šibenice
- Old Polish: szubienica, szybienica
  - Polish: szubienica, szubiénica (“type of game”) (Przemyśl)
- Old Slovak: šibenica
  - Slovak: šibenica
- Pomeranian:
  - Kashubian: szëbnica, szëbienica, szëbiéńca
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: šуbjеńса
  - Upper Sorbian: šibjeńca

References

Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ши́беница”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress