Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/želdъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Modern interpretation (per Derksen, Beekes, Snoj): Akin to Ancient Greek χάλαζα (khálaza, “hail, sleet”), Persian (žâle, “hail, hoarfrost”), presumably from Proto-Indo-European *gʰelh₂d-.^[1]^[2]
Older interpretation (per Preobrazhensky, Walde): Possibly related to Proto-Slavic *golotь (“hoar”), Lithuanian gélmenis (“frost”), more commonly derived from Proto-Indo-European *gel(H)- (“to be cold”). Considered as "less probably" by Vasmer.^[3]

Noun

*žȇldъ m^[1]

glazed frost, sleet
Synonyms: *golotь, *morzъ, *seržь

Alternative forms

*žȇldь f (i-stem), *želdì f (ī-stem)^[2]
*želdа f (ā-stem)

Declension

Declension of *žȇldъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*žȇldъ	*žȇlda	*žȇldi
genitive	*žȇlda	*želdù	*žẽldъ
dative	*žȇldu	*želdomà	*želdòmъ
accusative	*žȇldъ	*žȇlda	*žȇldy
instrumental	žȇldъmь, žȇldomь^*	*želdomà	*želdý
locative	*žȇldě	*želdù	*želdě̃xъ
vocative	*želde	*žȇlda	*žȇldi

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

*želditi (“to sleet”)
*želdica
*poželdъ, *poželdica
*oželdъ, *oželdica

Descendants

East Slavic:
- ⇒ Russian: ожеле́дица f (oželédica)
South Slavic:
- Slovene: žlẹ̑d (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Polabian: zlåd
- Polish: żłod, żłód (obsolete)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008) “*želdъ, *želdica”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 555: “m. o; f. jā ‘glazed frost, sleet’”
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Snoj, Marko (2016) “žlẹ̑d”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *želdi̋, *žȇldь”
^ Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ожеле́дица”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

[EDSIL-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008) “*želdъ, *želdica”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 555: “m. o; f. jā ‘glazed frost, sleet’”

[SES-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Snoj, Marko (2016) “žlẹ̑d”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *želdi̋, *žȇldь”

[3] Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ожеле́дица”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

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