Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kъrnъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kúrnas or *kúrˀnas, cognate with Latvian kur̃ns (deaf). Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (to cut) + *-nъ, but in view of Sanskrit कीर्ण (kīrṇa, injured, hurt), Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀 (karəna, deaf), origin from *(s)kerH- (to crop, to injure)[1] has been proposed instead.

Adjective

*kъ̑rnъ[1]

  1. truncated, cut
    Synonyms: *kǫsъ, *xudъ
    chipped, broken
    impaired in some manner (tailless, hornless for animals; eyeless, earless, noseless, crippled for person)

Declension

Indefinite declension of *kъrnъ (hard)
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative *kъrnъ *kъrna *kъrno
genitive *kъrna *kъrny *kъrna
dative *kъrnu *kъrně *kъrnu
accusative *kъrnъ *kъrnǫ *kъrno
instrumental *kъrnomь *kъrnojǫ *kъrnomь
locative *kъrně *kъrně *kъrně
vocative *kъrne *kъrno *kъrno
dual masculine feminine neuter
nominative *kъrna *kъrně *kъrně
genitive *kъrnu *kъrnu *kъrnu
dative *kъrnoma *kъrnama *kъrnoma
accusative *kъrna *kъrně *kъrně
instrumental *kъrnoma *kъrnama *kъrnoma
locative *kъrnu *kъrnu *kъrnu
vocative *kъrna *kъrně *kъrně
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative *kъrni *kъrny *kъrna
genitive *kъrnъ *kъrnъ *kъrnъ
dative *kъrnomъ *kъrnamъ *kъrnomъ
accusative *kъrny *kъrny *kъrna
instrumental *kъrny *kъrnami *kъrny
locative *kъrněxъ *kъrnaxъ *kъrněxъ
vocative *kъrni *kъrny *kъrna
Definite declension of *kъrnъ (hard)
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative *kъrnъjь *kъrnaja *kъrnoje
genitive *kъrnajego *kъrnyję̇ *kъrnajego
dative *kъrnujemu *kъrněji *kъrnujemu
accusative *kъrnъjь *kъrnǫjǫ *kъrnoje
instrumental *kъrnyjimь *kъrnǫjǫ *kъrnyjimь
locative *kъrnějemь *kъrněji *kъrnějemь
vocative *kъrnъjь *kъrnaja *kъrnoje
dual masculine feminine neuter
nominative *kъrnaja *kъrněji *kъrněji
genitive *kъrnuju *kъrnuju *kъrnuju
dative *kъrnyjima *kъrnyjima *kъrnyjima
accusative *kъrnaja *kъrněji *kъrněji
instrumental *kъrnyjima *kъrnyjima *kъrnyjima
locative *kъrnuju *kъrnuju *kъrnuju
vocative *kъrnaja *kъrněji *kъrněji
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative *kъrniji *kъrnyję̇ *kъrnaja
genitive *kъrnъjixъ *kъrnъjixъ *kъrnъjixъ
dative *kъrnyjimъ *kъrnyjimъ *kъrnyjimъ
accusative *kъrnyję̇ *kъrnyję̇ *kъrnaja
instrumental *kъrnyjimi *kъrnyjimi *kъrnyjimi
locative *kъrnyjixъ *kъrnyjixъ *kъrnyjixъ
vocative *kъrniji *kъrnyję̇ *kъrnaja

Derived terms

  • *kъrněti, *kъrniti (to chip, to truncate; to impair)
  • *kъrnati (to crop)
  • *kъrnakъ, *kъrnьda (impaired person or animal)
  • *kъrnę (male pig)
  • *kъrnatъ, *kъrnavъ (physically impaired)
  • *kъrľь (tick)

Descendants

  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: кърнъ (kŭrnŭ)
      • Russian: ко́рный (kórnyj), корно́й (kornój)
      • Ukrainian: ко́рний (kórnyj) (dialectal)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic: крънъ (krŭnŭ)
    • Bulgarian: крън (krǎn), кърн (kǎrn) (dialectal)
    • Macedonian: крн (krn)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: кр̑н
      Latin script: kȓn
    • Slovene: kr̀n (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:
    • Polish: kierny (dialectal)

Further reading

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ко́рный”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*kъrnъ(jь)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 13 (*kroměžirъ – *kyžiti), Moscow: Nauka, page 236
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “крън нар., кърн диал.”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 47

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Snoj, Marko (2016) “krn”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si:Pslovan. *kъ̑rnъ