Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kava

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kā́ˀwāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂w- (“to cry out, to call, to howl”). By surface analysis, **kavъ (“sound of jackdaw”) +‎ *-a. Generally displaced by *kàvъka, a diminutive form.

Noun

*kàva f (diminutive *kàvъka)[1][2][3]

  1. jackdaw (Coloeus monedula)
    Synonyms: *kàvъka, *čàvъka

Declension

Declension of *kàva (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
singular dual plural
nominative *kàva *kàvě *kàvy
genitive *kàvy *kàvu *kàvъ
dative *kàvě *kàvama *kàvamъ
accusative *kàvǫ *kàvě *kàvy
instrumental *kàvojǫ, *kàvǭ** *kàvama *kàvamī
locative *kàvě *kàvu *kàvasъ, *kàvaxъ*
vocative *kàvo *kàvě *kàvy

* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

  • East Slavic:
    • Old Ruthenian: кава (kava)
      • Ukrainian: ка́ва (káva) (dialectal), Кава (Kava)
  • South Slavic:
    • ⇒? Serbo-Croatian: (“to weaken, wither; to suffer”) (dialectal)
      Cyrillic script: ка̏вити
      Latin script: kȁviti
  • West Slavic:

References

  1. ^ Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “kawka”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN, page 225
  2. ^ Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “KAWA 2”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), volume 646
  3. ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “kȃvka”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si

Further reading

  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1983), “*kava”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 9 (*jьz – *klenьje), Moscow: Nauka, page 165
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