Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/klětь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Akin to Latvian klẽts (“barn”), Lithuanian klė́tis (“barn”), Old Prussian clenan. Either:

From an earlier *klḗˀtis^[1], cognate with the Baltic terms; perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *kelH- (“to rise”). In this case, one would expect fixed accent (AP A).
From an earlier *klaitís^[2], from Proto-Indo-European *ḱley- (“to cover”), with Baltic words borrowed from Slavic. Further akin to Proto-Indo-European *ḱléytreh₂ (“shelter”), Lithuanian klai̇̃mas (“sty”), Proto-Slavic *xlěvъ (“pen, fold”) (Germanic loanword). Disputed by Vasmer and Derksen.

Noun

*klě̑tь f^[1]^[3]^[2]

the commonality in all the descendants, including some derived terms (closet, hut, cabin, cage, granary, cellar, barn), is that of a 'closed space'

Declension

Declension of *klě̑tь (i-stem, accent paradigm c)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*klě̑tь	*klě̑ti	*klě̑ti
genitive	*klětí	klětьjù, klěťu^*	*klětь̀jь
dative	*klě̑ti	*klětьmà	*klě̑tьmъ
accusative	*klě̑tь	*klě̑ti	*klě̑ti
instrumental	*klětьjǫ́	*klětьmà	*klětьmì
locative	*klětí	klětьjù, klěťu^*	*klě̑tьxъ
vocative	*klěti	*klě̑ti	*klě̑ti

^* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Alternative forms

*klětъ (o-stem)

Derived terms

*klětъka
*klětьca
*klětьnъ

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: клѣть (klětĭ)
  - Belarusian: клець (kljecʹ)
  - Russian: клеть (kletʹ)
  - Ukrainian: кліть (klitʹ)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: клѣть (klětĭ)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⰽⰾⱑⱅⱐ (klětĭ)
  - Church Slavonic (Russian recension): клѣть (klětĭ)
- Bulgarian: клет (klet)
- Macedonian: клет (klet), клед (kled)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: кли̏јет, Cyrillic script: крлетка
  
  Latin script: klȉjet, Latin script: krletka
- Slovene: klẹ̑t (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Czech: klec, Czech: kleť
- Polish: kleć
  - →? German: Klitsche
Non-Slavic:
- → Medieval Latin: clēda
- → Middle High German: glēt, klēt m
  - Yiddish: קלייט f (kleyt)
  - Baltic and East Prussian German: Klete, Kleete f
- → Middle Low German: klêt, kleit m

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008) “*klětь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 224: “f. i”
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Snoj, Marko (2016) “klet”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *klě̑tь”
^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “klětь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “f. c forrådskammer, bur (PR 138)”