Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/korpa

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From a substantivation of Proto-Balto-Slavic *karˀpas (rough, coarse) + *-a, attested indirectly in Proto-Slavic *korpavъ, *korpatъ (extended with the auxiliary suffixes *-avъ, *-atъ). Cognate with Lithuanian karpà (wart), Latvian kãrpa (callus). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kerHp- (to scrape, to abrade), whence also *skorpavъ, *xorpavъ with identical meanings.

Formally similar to Proto-Slavic *korpъ (carp) of unclear origin (possibly substrate).

Noun

*kőrpa f

  1. toad, paddock
    Synonyms: (in West Slavic) *xorpuxa, (in South Slavic) *korstava *žaba

Declension

Declension of *korpa (hard a-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative *korpa *korpě *korpy
genitive *korpy *korpu *korpъ
dative *korpě *korpama *korpamъ
accusative *korpǫ *korpě *korpy
instrumental *korpojǫ, *korpǫ** *korpama *korpami
locative *korpě *korpu *korpasъ, *korpaxъ*
vocative *korpo *korpě *korpy

* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms

  • *korpavъ (scabby)
    • *korpavica, *korpavъka

Descendants

  • East Slavic:
    • Belarusian: кура́па (kurápa)
    • Russian: коропа́вка (koropávka)
    • Ukrainian: коро́па (korópa) (dialectal)
      • Ukrainian: коропа́вка (koropávka), коропа́виця (koropávycja), коропа́та жаба (koropáta žaba)
  • South Slavic:
    • Slovene: krápavica (dialectal)

Further reading

  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1984), “*korpa”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 11 (*konьcь – *kotьna(ja)), Moscow: Nauka, page 90
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “коропавка”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1985), “коропавий”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 2 (Д – Копці), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 41
  • karpa”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012