Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/koty

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *kotъ (cat) +‎ *-y.

Compare Serbo-Croatian mȁčka (cat; anchor),[1] Hungarian vasmacska (literally iron cat), Old Church Slavonic котъка (kotŭka, anchor), Russian кошка (koška, anchor with 3-5 flukes),[2] Romanian cătușă (anchor), German Kattanker / Katzanker (small anchor), Middle Low German katt (small anchor) and Ancient Greek κότυς (kótus), Κότυς (Kótus).[3]

Noun

*kotỳ f

  1. anchor

Inflection

Declension of *kotỳ (hard v-stem, accent paradigm b)
singular dual plural
nominative *kotỳ *kotъ̀vi *kotъ̀vi
genitive *kotъ̀ve *kotъ̀vu *kotъ̀vъ
dative *kotъ̀vi *kotъ̀vьma, *kotъ̀vama* *kotъ̀vьmъ, *kotъ̀vamъ*
accusative *kotъ̀vь *kotъ̀vi *kotъ̀vi
instrumental *kotъ̀vьjǫ, *kotъ̀vľǭ** *kotъ̀vьma, *kotъ̀vama* *kotъ̀vьmī, *kotъ̀vamī*
locative *kotъ̀ve *kotъ̀vu *kotъ̀vьxъ, *kotъ̀vaxъ*
vocative *kotỳ *kotъ̀vi *kotъ̀vi

* -ьmъ/etc. are the original consonant-stem endings, while -amъ/etc. are later Common Slavic endings formed by analogy with a-stems.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

  • East Slavic:
    • Russian: котва (kotva) (dialectal)
    • Ukrainian: кі́тва (kítva)
      • Ukrainian: кі́тви́ця (kítvýcja)
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:
    • Czech: kotva; kotev (dialectal)
    • Polabian: ťötåi (cat)
    • Old Polish: kotew, kotwa
    • Slovak: kotva
    • Sorbian:
      • Lower Sorbian: kótwa
        • Lower Sorbian: kótwica
      • Upper Sorbian: kótwa
        • Upper Sorbian: kótwica

References

  1. ^ Pero Budmani, Tomislav Maretić, editor (1904–1910), “mȁčka”, in Rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika[1] (in Serbo-Croatian), volume 6, Zagreb: JAZU, page 352
  2. ^ Dal, Vladimir (1905) “кошка”, in Толковый Словарь живого великорусскаго языка [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2, товарищество М. О. Вольфъ, page 466
  3. ^ Шапошников, А. К. (2018) “Рец.: Журавлев А. Ф. Эволюции смыслов. М.: Издательский Дом ЯСК, 2016. 472 с. ISBN 978-5-9907947-5-7 [Zhuravlev A. F. Evolyutsii smyslov [Evolutions of Meanings]. Moscow: YaSK Publ., 2016. 472 p. ISBN 978-5-9907947-5-7]”, in Труды Института русского языка им. В. В. Виноградова: Этимология [Proceedings of the V. V. Vinogradov Russian Language Institute: Etymology], volume 18, Moscow, →ISSN, page 256
  4. ^ Franz Miklosich (1862–1865) “котва”, in Lexicon Palaeoslovenico-Graeco-Latinum emendatum auctum, Vienna: Guilelmus Braumueller, page 305

Further reading

  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1984), “*koty”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 11 (*konьcь – *kotьna(ja)), Moscow: Nauka, page 213
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ко́тва”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress