Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-y

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology 1

    From Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ūˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *-uh₂.

    Suffix

    *-y f

    1. Forms nouns from adjectives.
      *ľuby (“love”) ← *ľubъ
      *cěly ← *cělъ (“whole”)
      *dorgy (“dearness”) ← *dorgъ (“dear, expensive”)
      *męky ← *mękъ
      *ploty (“roach”) ← **plotъ? (“flat?”)
    2. Forms nouns from nouns?
      *moky (“wetland”) ← *mokъ? \ *moknǫti
      *mǫty ← *mǫtъ? \ *mǫtiti?
      *koty (“anchor”) ← *kotъ (“cat”)
      *kroky ← *krokъ?
    Declension
    Declension of *-y (hard v-stem)
    singular dual plural
    nominative *-y *-ъvi *-ъvi
    genitive *-ъve *-ъvu *-ъvъ
    dative *-ъvi *-ъvьma, *-ъvama* *-ъvьmъ, *-ъvamъ*
    accusative *-ъvь *-ъvi *-ъvi
    instrumental *-ъvьjǫ, *-ъvľǫ** *-ъvьma, *-ъvama* *-ъvьmi, *-ъvami*
    locative *-ъve *-ъvu *-ъvьxъ, *-ъvaxъ*
    vocative *-y *-ъvi *-ъvi

    * -ьmъ/etc. are the original consonant-stem endings, while -amъ/etc. are later Common Slavic endings formed by analogy with a-stems.
    ** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

    See also

    Derived terms

    Proto-Slavic v-stem nouns

    Further reading

    • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “плотва”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
    • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “моква”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
    • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1988), “*ljuby”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 15 (*lětina – *lokačь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 185
    • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1976), “*cěly”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 3 (*bratrьcь – *cьrky), Moscow: Nauka, page 181
    • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dorgy”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 78
    • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1992), “*męky”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 18 (*matoga – *mękyšьka), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 250
    • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1994), “*mǫty”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 20 (*morzatъjь – *mъrsknǫti), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 148
    • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1992), “*moky”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 19 (*męs⁽'⁾arь – *morzakъ), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 149
    • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1994), “*mosk(ъ)va”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 20 (*morzatъjь – *mъrsknǫti), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 19
    • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1984), “*koty”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 11 (*konьcь – *kotьna(ja)), Moscow: Nauka, page 213
    • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1985), “*kroky”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 12 (*koulъkъ – *kroma/*kromъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 183

    Etymology 2

    From Proto-Indo-European *-ō.

    Suffix

    *-y m

    1. Forms nouns
      *pьrsty (“ring”) ← *pьrstъ (“finger”)
      *greby (“comb”) ← *greti (“to dig”)
      *peky (“cooked meat”) ← *peťi (“to cook”)
    Declension
    Declension of *-y (n-stem)
    singular dual plural
    nominative *-y *-eni *-ene
    genitive *-ene *-enu *-enъ
    dative *-eni *-enьma *-enьmъ
    accusative *-enь *-eni *-eni
    instrumental *-enьmь *-enьma *-enьmi
    locative *-ene *-enu *-enьxъ
    vocative *-eny *-eni *-ene

    Derived terms

    Proto-Slavic masculine n-stem nouns
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