Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kuriti
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Cognate with Lithuanian kùrti (“to light, to kindle, to make, to create”) (1sg. kuriù), Latvian kur̃t (“to light, to kindle”) (1sg. kuŗu). Balto-Slavic words are often compared to Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌹 (hauri, “coal”), Old Norse hyrr (“fire”). Vasmer adds Old Armenian կրակ (krak, “fire”) from *kurak-.
Chernykh suggests an Proto-Indo-European root *ker-. Derksen reconstructs a putative Indo-European root *kerH-, in which case the Germanic cognates are correct, as well as probably Latin carbō (“charcoal”).
Another possibility suggested by Derksen: from Proto-Indo-European *kʷr̥-, zero grade of *kʷer- (hence cognate with Sanskrit कृणोति (kṛṇóti, “to do, to make”) but probably not with the above Germanic cognates), although a laryngeal would be expected due to the East Baltic accentuation.
Verb
- to smoke
Inflection
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *kuřenьje | *kuriti | *kuritъ | *kurilъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *kuřenъ | *kurimъ |
| Active | *kuřь | *kurę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *kurixъ | *kuri | *kuri | *kuřǫ | *kuriši | *kuritь |
| Dual | *kurixově | *kurista | *kuriste | *kurivě | *kurita | *kurite |
| Plural | *kurixomъ | *kuriste | *kurišę | *kurimъ | *kurite | *kurętь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *kuřaaxъ | *kuřaaše | *kuřaaše | — | *kuri | *kuri |
| Dual | *kuřaaxově | *kuřaašeta | *kuřaašete | *kurivě | *kurita | — |
| Plural | *kuřaaxomъ | *kuřaašete | *kuřaaxǫ | *kurimъ | *kurite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*kurivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Derived terms
- *kuřenьje
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999) “кури́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 456
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “кури́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*kuriti (sę)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 13 (*kroměžirъ – *kyžiti), Moscow: Nauka, page 123
References
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*kūrìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 257: “v. (b) ‘smoke’”
- ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “kurīti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*kuri̋ti”