Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lęxъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From earlier *lędxъ, from *lęděninъ (“dweller of heath, uncultivated field”) +‎ *-xъ.

Noun

*lęxъ m^[1]

hypocoristic form of *lęděninъ

Declension

Declension of *lęxъ (hard o-stem)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*lęxъ	*lęxa	*lęśi
genitive	*lęxa	*lęxu	*lęxъ
dative	*lęxu	*lęxoma	*lęxomъ
accusative	*lęxъ	*lęxa	*lęxy
instrumental	lęxъmь, lęxomь^*	*lęxoma	*lęxy
locative	*lęśě	*lęxu	*lęśěxъ
vocative	*lęše	*lęxa	*lęśi

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: лѧхъ (lęxŭ, “Pole”)
  - Old Ruthenian: лѧхъ (ljax), лєхъ (ljex)
    - Belarusian: лях (ljax)
    - Carpathian Rusyn: Лях (Ljax)
    - Ukrainian: лях (ljax)
    - → Czech: Ľach (dialectal)
    - → Polish: Lach
    - → Romanian: leah
    - → Ottoman Turkish: له (leh)
      - Turkish: Leh
      - → Middle Armenian: լեհ (leh)
        Armenian: լեհ (leh)
  - Russian: лях (ljax) (see there for further descendants)
  - → Old Lithuanian:
    - Lithuanian: lénkas
South Slavic:
- Church Slavonic: лѧси pl (lęsi, “Poland”) (Czech recension), лехъ (lexŭ), лѣхъ (lěxŭ, “Pole”) (Serbian recension)
  - → Byzantine Greek: Λέχοι pl (Lékhoi, “Poles”)
  - → Czech: Lech (“Pole”)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: ле̏х (“Pole”) (obsolete)
  
  Latin script: lȅh (“Pole”) (obsolete)
West Slavic:
- >? Old Czech: lech (“plutocrat”)

References

^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1988), “*lęxъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 15 (*lětina – *lokačь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 57

Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “лях”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
Sławski, Franciszek (1970-1974) “Lach”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volumes IV: La—Łapucha, Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego, page 17

[1] Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1988), “*lęxъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 15 (*lětina – *lokačь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 57

[1]