Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/likъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

For the "cheek, face" sense, masculine form from early neutral *liko, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *léika, from Proto-Indo-European *léykom. Baltic cognates include Old Prussian laygnan (“cheek”). Indo-European cognates include Old Irish lecca (“jaw, cheek”).^[1] See also the related form *līcè.

For the "round dance" and "assembly" senses, borrowed from Proto-Germanic *laikaz, *laikiz (“dance”). Cognate with Gothic 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌺𐍃 (laiks, “dance”).^[2]

Noun

*likъ m^[2]^[3]

Inflection

Declension of *lȋkъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*lȋkъ	*lȋka	*lȋci
genitive	*lȋka	*likù	*lĩkъ
dative	*lȋku	*likomà	*likòmъ
accusative	*lȋkъ	*lȋka	*lȋky
instrumental	lȋkъmь, lȋkomь^*	*likomà	*liký
locative	*lȋcě	*likù	*licě̃xъ
vocative	*liče	*lȋka	*lȋci

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

*ličiti (“to resemble, reveal, count”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: ликъ (likŭ)
  - Russian: лик (lik) (ecclesiastical)
  - Ukrainian: лик (lyk)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: ликъ (likŭ)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⰾⰻⰽⱏ (likŭ)
- Bulgarian: лик (lik)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: ли̑к
  
  Latin script: lȋk
- Slovene: lik
West Slavic:
- Polish: lik (obsolete)

References

^ Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “лик”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Derksen, Rick (2008) “*likъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 278: “m. o”
^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “likъ”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c mængde, tal (PR 137)”

[1] Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “лик”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

[EDSIL-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Derksen, Rick (2008) “*likъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 278: “m. o”

[3] Olander, Thomas (2001) “likъ”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c mængde, tal (PR 137)”

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