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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From *otъ- + *verzti, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *verź-, from Proto-Indo-European *werǵʰ-. Cognate with Lithuanian ver̃žti (“to string, to squeeze, to tighten”), Old High German wurgen (“to strangle”).
Verb
*otъverzti
- to open
Inflection
Conjugation of *otъverzti, *otъvьrze, *otъvьrzetь (?, -C-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun
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Infinitive
|
Supine
|
L-participle
|
| *otъvьrstьje
|
*otъverzti
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*otъverztъ
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*otъvьrzlъ
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|
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Participles
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| Tense
|
Past
|
Present
|
| Passive
|
*otъvьrstъ
|
*otъvьrzomъ
|
| Active
|
*otъvьrzъ
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*otъvьrzy
|
|
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Aorist
|
Present
|
| Person
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*otъvьrz(ox)ъ |
*otъvьrze |
*otъvьrze
|
*otъvьrzǫ |
*otъvьrzeši |
*otъvьrzetь
|
| Dual
|
*otъvьrz(ox)ově |
*otъvьrz(e/os)ta |
*otъvьrz(e/os)te
|
*otъvьrzevě |
*otъvьrzeta |
*otъvьrzete
|
| Plural
|
*otъvьrz(ox)omъ |
*otъvьrz(e/os)te |
*otъvьrzǫ, *otъvьrzošę
|
*otъvьrzemъ |
*otъvьrzete |
*otъvьrzǫtь
|
|
|
Imperfect
|
Imperative
|
| Person
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*otъvьrzěaxъ |
*otъvьrzěaše |
*otъvьrzěaše
|
— |
*otъvьrzi |
*otъvьrzi
|
| Dual
|
*otъvьrzěaxově |
*otъvьrzěašeta |
*otъvьrzěašete
|
*otъvьrzěvě |
*otъvьrzěta |
—
|
| Plural
|
*otъvьrzěaxomъ |
*otъvьrzěašete |
*otъvьrzěaxǫ
|
*otъvьrzěmъ |
*otъvьrzěte |
—
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Conjugation of *otъverzti, *otъverze, *otъvьrzetь (?, -C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun
|
Infinitive
|
Supine
|
L-participle
|
| *otъvьrstьje
|
*otъverzti
|
*otъverztъ
|
*otъvьrzlъ
|
|
|
Participles
|
| Tense
|
Past
|
Present
|
| Passive
|
*otъvьrstъ
|
*otъvьrzomъ
|
| Active
|
*otъvьrzъ
|
*otъvьrzy
|
|
|
Aorist
|
Present
|
| Person
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*otъversъ |
*otъverze |
*otъverze
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*otъvьrzǫ |
*otъvьrzeši |
*otъvьrzetь
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| Dual
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*otъversově |
*otъversta |
*otъverste
|
*otъvьrzevě |
*otъvьrzeta |
*otъvьrzete
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| Plural
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*otъversomъ |
*otъverste |
*otъversę
|
*otъvьrzemъ |
*otъvьrzete |
*otъvьrzǫtь
|
|
|
Imperfect
|
Imperative
|
| Person
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*otъvьrzěaxъ |
*otъvьrzěaše |
*otъvьrzěaše
|
— |
*otъvьrzi |
*otъvьrzi
|
| Dual
|
*otъvьrzěaxově |
*otъvьrzěašeta |
*otъvьrzěašete
|
*otъvьrzěvě |
*otъvьrzěta |
—
|
| Plural
|
*otъvьrzěaxomъ |
*otъvьrzěašete |
*otъvьrzěaxǫ
|
*otъvьrzěmъ |
*otъvьrzěte |
—
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Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: отъврезти (otŭvrezti)
- Russian: poetic отве́рзть (otvérztʹ)
- Ukrainian: (отве́рзтися (otvérztysja))
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: отъвьрзати (otŭvĭrzati), отъврѣщи (otŭvrěšti)
- Glagolitic: [Term?]
- Bulgarian: отвъ́ржа (otvǎ́rža)
- Macedonian: одврже (odvrže), одврзе (odvrze) (dialectal)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic script: одвр́сти (Karadzić's dictionary)
- Latin: odvŕsti
Further reading
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999) “отве́рстие”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 610
- Derksen, Rick (2008) “*ot(ъ)verzti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 383
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “-верза́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Zhuravlyov, A. F., editor (2014), “*otъverzti (sę)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 39 (*otъtęti – *ozgǫba), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 69