Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/perpona

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *per- (“across”) +‎ *pęti (“to stretch”).

Noun

*perpona f

  1. obstacle, hindrance, hurdle, impediment

Declension

Declension of *perpona (hard a-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative *perpona *perponě *perpony
genitive *perpony *perponu *perponъ
dative *perponě *perponama *perponamъ
accusative *perponǫ *perponě *perpony
instrumental *perponojǫ, *perponǫ** *perponama *perponami
locative *perponě *perponu *perponasъ, *perponaxъ*
vocative *perpono *perponě *perpony

* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

  • East Slavic:
    • Belarusian: перапо́на (pjerapóna)
    • ⇒ Russian: перепо́нка (perepónka)
    • Ukrainian: перепо́на (perepóna)
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: přiepona (“diaphragm”)
    • Polish: przepona (“diaphragm”)
    • Slovak: prepona (“hypotenuse”)

Further reading

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “перепонка”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
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