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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From *sъ- (“good”) + *mě̀ti, from Proto-Indo-European *meh₁-. Cognate with Gothic 𐌼𐍉𐌸𐍃 (mōþs, “courage, wrath”) (gen. 𐌼𐍉𐌳𐌹𐍃 (mōdis)), Old High German muot (“mind, courage, wrath”), German Mut (“courage, mood”), English mood.
- Vasmer adds as cognates Ancient Greek μῶμαι (mômai, “to seek, to aspire”), μαίομαι (maíomai, “to seek, to aspire”), μῆνις (mênis, “anger”), Latin mōs (“custom”).
- Trubachev further suggests Lithuanian sumdyti (“to move”) (1sg. sùmdau), Welsh chwyfio (“to move”), Old Irish do·seinn (“to hunt”), with semantic development "to seek" > "to desire to achieve" > "to dare".
Verb
*sъmě̀ti impf[1][2][3]
- to dare
- Synonym: *dьrzati
Inflection
Conjugation of
*sъměti, *sъmě, *sъmějetь (
impf.,
intr., -V-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun
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Infinitive
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Supine
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L-participle
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| —
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*sъměti
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*sъmětъ
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*sъmělъ
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Participles
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| Tense
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Past
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Present
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| Passive
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—
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—
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| Active
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*sъměvъ
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*sъměję
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|
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Aorist
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Present
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| Person
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1st
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2nd
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3rd
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1st
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2nd
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3rd
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| Singular
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*sъměxъ |
*sъmě |
*sъmě
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*sъmějǫ |
*sъměješi |
*sъmějetь
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| Dual
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*sъměxově |
*sъměsta |
*sъměste
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*sъmějevě |
*sъmějeta |
*sъmějete
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| Plural
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*sъměxomъ |
*sъměste |
*sъměšę
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*sъmějemъ |
*sъmějete |
*sъmějǫtь
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|
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Imperfect
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Imperative
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| Person
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
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| Singular
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*sъměaxъ |
*sъměaše |
*sъměaše
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— |
*sъměji |
*sъměji
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| Dual
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*sъměaxově |
*sъměašeta |
*sъměašete
|
*sъmějivě |
*sъmějita |
—
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| Plural
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*sъměaxomъ |
*sъměašete |
*sъměaxǫ
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*sъmějimъ |
*sъmějite |
—
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Derived terms
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: съмѣти (sŭměti)
- Belarusian: смець (smjecʹ)
- Russian: сметь (smetʹ)
- Ukrainian: смі́ти (smíty)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Old Cyrillic script: съмѣти (sŭměti)
- Glagolitic script: [Term?]
- Bulgarian: сме́я (sméja)
- Macedonian: сме́е (smée)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic script: смје̏ти
- Latin script: smjȅti
- Slovene: smẹ́ti (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: smieti
- Czech: smět, smíti (obsolete)
- Old Polish: śmieć
- Pomeranian:
- Slovak: smieť
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: směć
- Lower Sorbian: směś
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “сме́ю”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
References
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*sъmě̀ti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 480: “v. (a) ‘dare’”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “sъměti: sъmějǫ sъmějetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a turde; måtte (SA 204; PR 134; MP 27)”
- ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “smẹ́ti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*sъmě̋ti, sed. *sъmě̋jǫ”