Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sьrna
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *śírˀnāˀ (“horn”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥h₂-néh₂, from *ḱerh₂- (“head, top, horn”).
Noun
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *sьrnà | *sь̃rně | *sьrnỳ |
| genitive | *sьrnỳ | *sьrnù | *sь̃rnъ |
| dative | *sьrně̀ | *sьrnàma | *sьrnàmъ |
| accusative | *sьrnǫ̀ | *sь̃rně | *sьrnỳ |
| instrumental | *sьrnòjǫ, *sь̃rnǫ** | *sьrnàma | *sьrnàmī |
| locative | *sьrně̀ | *sьrnù | *sьrnàsъ, *sьrnàxъ* |
| vocative | *sьrno | *sь̃rně | *sьrnỳ |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *sь̀rna | *sь̀rně | *sь̀rny |
| genitive | *sь̀rny | *sь̀rnu | *sь̀rnъ |
| dative | *sь̀rně | *sь̀rnama | *sь̀rnamъ |
| accusative | *sь̀rnǫ | *sь̀rně | *sь̀rny |
| instrumental | *sь̀rnojǫ, *sь̀rnǭ** | *sь̀rnama | *sь̀rnamī |
| locative | *sь̀rně | *sь̀rnu | *sь̀rnasъ, *sь̀rnaxъ* |
| vocative | *sь̀rno | *sь̀rně | *sь̀rny |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “сарна́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “се́рна”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
References
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*sьrna”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 485: “f. ā ‘roe’”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “sьrna sьrny”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b rådyr (PR 135)”
- ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “sŕna”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*sь̋rna”