Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sliva

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *sliˀwā́ˀ, presumably from Proto-Indo-European *(s)leh₃y- (“bluish”), from which also Proto-Germanic *slaihwǭ (“sloe”).

Noun

*slìva f

  1. plum
  2. plum tree

Inflection

Declension of *slìva (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
singular dual plural
nominative *slìva *slìvě *slìvy
genitive *slìvy *slìvu *slìvъ
dative *slìvě *slìvama *slìvamъ
accusative *slìvǫ *slìvě *slìvy
instrumental *slìvojǫ, *slìvǭ** *slìvama *slìvamī
locative *slìvě *slìvu *slìvasъ, *slìvaxъ*
vocative *slìvo *slìvě *slìvy

* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

  • Non-Slavic:
    • → Lithuanian: slyvà, slỹvas
    • → Old Prussian: sliwaytos
    • → Hungarian: szilva

Further reading

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “сли́ва”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
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