Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sosna

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Uncertain. Per Vasmer, Brückner: possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ḱas- (“gray, dim”) + *-na due to its dark bark, akin to Latin cānus (“hoary”) and Proto-Germanic *haswaz (“gray”). Per Meillet: alternatively reflects an earlier *sopsna (“resin tree”) from *sap- (“taste”) whence are Proto-West Germanic *sap (“juice”), Latin sapa (“must”).

An origin from Proto-Indo-European *ḱes- (“to cut, to prune”) or *ḱeh₃- (“sharp”) is also possible, but according to Vasmer - less plausible.

Noun

*sōsnà f[1]

  1. pine tree
    Synonym: (u-stem) *borъ

Inflection

Declension of *sosnà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm b)
singular dual plural
nominative *sosnà *sòsně *sosnỳ
genitive *sosnỳ *sosnù *sòsnъ
dative *sosně̀ *sosnàma *sosnàmъ
accusative *sosnǫ̀ *sòsně *sosnỳ
instrumental *sosnòjǫ, *sòsnǫ** *sosnàma *sosnàmī
locative *sosně̀ *sosnù *sosnàsъ, *sosnàxъ*
vocative *sosno *sòsně *sosnỳ

* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: сосна (sosna)
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:

Further reading

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “сосна”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

References

  1. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “sosna sosny”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b/b* fyr (PR 135f.)”
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