Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tętiva

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Probably[1] from otherwise lost Proto-Balto-Slavic *témptei (“to pull”) + *-iva (whence Lithuanian tem̃pti (“to pull, to drag”), Latvian tìept (“to strain”)), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ten- (“to stretch”). Cognate with Lithuanian temptýva (“stretching”),[2] ti̇̀mpa (“sinew”), possibly Old Norse þǫmb (“bowstring”), Old Armenian թամբ (tʻamb, “saddle”) and further akin to Lithuanian tiñklas (“set”), Ancient Greek τένων (ténōn, “tendon”), New Latin tensor.

Noun

*tętivà f[1]

  1. sinew
    Synonym: *žila
  2. bowstring

Declension

Declension of *tętiva (hard a-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative *tętiva *tętivě *tętivy
genitive *tętivy *tętivu *tętivъ
dative *tętivě *tętivama *tętivamъ
accusative *tętivǫ *tętivě *tętivy
instrumental *tętivojǫ, *tętivǫ** *tętivama *tętivami
locative *tętivě *tętivu *tętivasъ, *tętivaxъ*
vocative *tętivo *tętivě *tętivy

* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

Further reading

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “тетива́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • “tempti”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Snoj, Marko (2016) “tetiva”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *tętiva̋”
  2. ^ Milleit, Leskien view it as a Slavic borrowing, later reanalyzed on the basis of native tempti. Endzelīns considers it a genuine cognate.
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