Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/terba

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Apparently from a Proto-Indo-European *terbʰ-, which appears to be a variant of *terp- (“to satisfy”).[1] Possibly related to Baltic terms such as Old Prussian еntеrреn (“useful”), Lithuanian tarpà (“prosperity, growth”), Lithuanian tar̃pti, tarpstù (“to flourish”). Cognate with Proto-Germanic *þarbō (Gothic 𐌸𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌽 (þaurban, “to need, be in want”), Old English þearf (“need”), Old Norse þarfr (“useful”)), Ancient Greek τέρπω (térpō, “I please”), Sanskrit तृप्यति (tṛ́pyati, “to be satisfied”).

Noun

*terba f

  1. need

Declension

Declension of *terba (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
singular dual plural
nominative *terba *tèrbě *tèrby
genitive *tèrby *tèrbu *tèrbъ
dative *tèrbě *tèrbama *tèrbamъ
accusative *tèrbǫ *tèrbě *tèrby
instrumental *tèrbojǫ, *tèrbǭ** *tèrbama *tèrbamī
locative *tèrbě *tèrbu *tèrbasъ, *tèrbaxъ*
vocative *tèrbo *tèrbě *tèrby

* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms

  • *poterba

Descendants

  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: тереба (tereba)
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:

References

  1. ^ Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “trzeba”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN, page 648

Further reading

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “тре́ба”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “требовать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
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