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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Slavic
Etymology 1
From *zęb- + *-nǫti.
Verb
*zębnǫti
- to suffer from cold
Inflection
Conjugation of
*zębnǫti, *zębe, *zębnetь (
impf.,
intr., -C/n-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun
|
Infinitive
|
Supine
|
L-participle
|
| *zębenьje
|
*zębnǫti
|
*zębnǫtъ
|
*zęblъ
|
|
|
Participles
|
| Tense
|
Past
|
Present
|
| Passive
|
—
|
—
|
| Active
|
*zębъ
|
*zębny
|
|
|
Aorist
|
Present
|
| Person
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*zęb(ox)ъ |
*zębe |
*zębe
|
*zębnǫ |
*zębneši |
*zębnetь
|
| Dual
|
*zęb(ox)ově |
*zęb(e/os)ta |
*zęb(e/os)te
|
*zębnevě |
*zębneta |
*zębnete
|
| Plural
|
*zęb(ox)omъ |
*zęb(e/os)te |
*zębǫ, *zębošę
|
*zębnemъ |
*zębnete |
*zębnǫtь
|
|
|
Imperfect
|
Imperative
|
| Person
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*zębněaxъ |
*zębněaše |
*zębněaše
|
— |
*zębni |
*zębni
|
| Dual
|
*zębněaxově |
*zębněašeta |
*zębněašete
|
*zębněvě |
*zębněta |
—
|
| Plural
|
*zębněaxomъ |
*zębněašete |
*zębněaxǫ
|
*zębněmъ |
*zębněte |
—
|
Derived terms
- *nazębnǫti, *nazęti
- *ozębnǫti, *ozęti
- *otъzębnǫti, *otъzęti, *otъzębati
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: зѧбнѫти (zębnǫti), зꙗбнути (zjabnuti)
- Belarusian: зя́бнуць (zjábnucʹ)
- Russian: зя́бнуть (zjábnutʹ), 1sg. зя́бну (zjábnu)
- Ukrainian: зя́бнути (zjábnuty)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Old Cyrillic script: зѧбнѫти (zębnǫti)
- Glagolitic script: ⰸⱔⰱⱀⱘⱅⰻ (zębnǫti)
- Bulgarian: зе́бна (zébna) (obsolete)
- Macedonian: ѕемне (dzemne)
- West Slavic:
References
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999) “зя́бнуть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 332
- Derksen, Rick (2008) “*zęti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 543
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “зя́бнуть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
Etymology 2
Cognate with Lithuanian žémbėti (“to germinate, to sprout”). Per Derksen, also cognate with Latin gemma (“bud, gem”) (whence English gem), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ǵemb-; however, Derksen notes that this root structure is impossible for a Proto-Indo-European root.
Verb
*zębnǫti
- to germinate
Inflection
Conjugation of *zębnǫti, *zębe, *zębnetь (?, -C/n-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun
|
Infinitive
|
Supine
|
L-participle
|
| *zębenьje
|
*zębnǫti
|
*zębnǫtъ
|
*zęblъ
|
|
|
Participles
|
| Tense
|
Past
|
Present
|
| Passive
|
*zębenъ
|
*zębnomъ
|
| Active
|
*zębъ
|
*zębny
|
|
|
Aorist
|
Present
|
| Person
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*zęb(ox)ъ |
*zębe |
*zębe
|
*zębnǫ |
*zębneši |
*zębnetь
|
| Dual
|
*zęb(ox)ově |
*zęb(e/os)ta |
*zęb(e/os)te
|
*zębnevě |
*zębneta |
*zębnete
|
| Plural
|
*zęb(ox)omъ |
*zęb(e/os)te |
*zębǫ, *zębošę
|
*zębnemъ |
*zębnete |
*zębnǫtь
|
|
|
Imperfect
|
Imperative
|
| Person
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*zębněaxъ |
*zębněaše |
*zębněaše
|
— |
*zębni |
*zębni
|
| Dual
|
*zębněaxově |
*zębněašeta |
*zębněašete
|
*zębněvě |
*zębněta |
—
|
| Plural
|
*zębněaxomъ |
*zębněašete |
*zębněaxǫ
|
*zębněmъ |
*zębněte |
—
|
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: зꙗбнꙋти (zjabnuti)
- ⇒ Russian: прозя́бнуть (prozjábnutʹ)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Old Cyrillic script: прозѧбнѫти (prozębnǫti)
- Glagolitic script: ⱂⱃⱁⰸⱔⰱⱀⱘⱅⰻ (prozębnǫti)
- West Slavic: —
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008) “*zębnǫti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 543