Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/zolkъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *źalˀkas, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰolh₃-kos, from *ǵʰelh₃- (“green”). By surface analysis, *zol- +‎ *-kъ. Cognate with Phrygian ζέλκια (zélkia, “name of vegetables”).

Noun

*zolkъ m

young, green plant

Inflection

Declension of *zolkъ (hard o-stem)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*zolkъ	*zolka	*zolci
genitive	*zolka	*zolku	*zolkъ
dative	*zolku	*zolkoma	*zolkomъ
accusative	*zolkъ	*zolka	*zolky
instrumental	zolkъmь, zolkomь^*	*zolkoma	*zolky
locative	*zolcě	*zolku	*zolcěxъ
vocative	*zolče	*zolka	*zolci

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

*zolčьnъ, *zolkovъ

Related terms

*zelenъ (“green”)
*zelьje (“cabbage”)
*zolto (“gold”)
*žьltъ (“yellow”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Russian: зело́к (zelók) (dialectal)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Glagolitic script: ⰸⰾⰰⰽⱏ (zlakŭ)
  
  Old Cyrillic script: злакъ (zlakŭ)
  - Bulgarian: злак (zlak)
  - → Old East Slavic: злакъ (zlakŭ)
    - Old Ruthenian: злакъ (zlak)
      - Belarusian: злак (zlak)
      - Ukrainian: злак (zlak)
    - Russian: злак (zlak)

References

ESSJa ^prosp., page 90: “*zolkъ”
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “злак”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999) “злак”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 325
Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1893) “злакъ”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments]‎^[1] (in Russian), volume 1 (А – К), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 980
Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “злак”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 644