Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/ʒapa-

This Proto-Tungusic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Tungusic

Alternative reconstructions

  • *ǰapa- (per Doerfer & Knüppel)
  • *ʤapa- (per Knapen)

Etymology

Unclear relationship with Korean 잡다 (japda, “to take, hold, grab”).

Verb

*ʒapa-

  1. (transitive) to take, grab, hold
    Synonyms: *ga- (“to take”), *nama- (“to hold”)
  2. to catch, seize

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Jurchenic:
    • Jurchen: 劄發 (jafa- /⁠ja-fa⁠/)
  • Tungusic:
    • Northern Tungusic:
      • Even: дявда̄й (ʒawdāj)
      • Evenki: дябамӣ (ʒabamī), дявамӣ (ʒawamī)
      • Negidal: ӡава- (ʒawa-)
      • Oroqen: dʒɔ:-
      • Solon: ʒawa-
    • Southern Tungusic:
      • Central:
        • Oroch: дява (ӡawa-)
        • Udihe: ӡава- (ʒawa-)
      • South-Eastern:
        • Nanai: дяпаори (ʒapaori)
        • Orok: дапавури (dapavuri)
        • Ulch: дяпаву (ӡapawu)

References

  1. ^ Martijn G. T. M. Knapen (2021) “The oldest layer of Amuric-Tungusic lexical contacts”, in Diversity Linguistics‎[1], page 84
  • Cincius, V. I. (1975) Сравнительный словарь тунгусо-маньчжурских языков [Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages] (in Russian), volume 1, Leningrad: Nauka, pages 240-241
  • Doerfer, Gerhard, Knüppel, Michael (2004) Etymologisch-ethnologisches Wörterbuch tungusischer Dialekte, Hildesheim: Olms, page 262
  • Kane, Daniel (1989) The Sino-Jurchen Vocabulary of the Bureau of Interpreters (Uralic and Altaic Series; vol. 153), Bloomington, Indiana: Research Institute for Inner Asian Studies, Indiana University, →ISBN, page 326.
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