Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/pula

This Proto-Tungusic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Tungusic

Etymology

Borrowed from Proto-Mongolic *hulaxan (“red”) or from a Para-Mongolic language. According to Doerfer, the original Tungusic word for "red" should be related to *sēkse (“blood”), compare Nanai сэгден (segʒen, “red”).

Adjective

*pula

red

Descendants

Jurchenic:
- Jurchen: 伏良 (fu-liang /⁠fulgiyan⁠/)
  - Manchu: ᡶ᠋ᡠᠯᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ (fulgiyan)
Tungusic
- Northern Tungusic:
  - Even: хуланя̄ (hulaņā)
  - Evenki: хулама (hulama), хуларин (hularin)
    - ⇒ Evenki: хула (hula, “aspen tree”)
      - ⇒? Proto-Yeniseian: *iwpatɬ (“aspen tree”), *ɨpʰəl (per Werner 2002), *ɯpʰʌl (per Vajda-Werner 2022)
        Ketic:
        Ket: ыль (ɨ̄lʲ), ыыль (ɨ́ɨ̀lʲ)
        Yug: ыфыл (ɨfɨl)
        Kottic:
        Kott: îpal
  - Negidal: холайӣн (xolajīn)
  - Oroqen: ʊla:rɪn
- Southern Tungusic:
  - Central:
    - Udihe: хулалиғи (xulaliɣi)

References

Doerfer, Gerhard (1985) Mongolo-Tungusica (in German), Wiesbaden: O. Harrassowitz, page 23
Doerfer, Gerhard (1963) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission; 16)‎^[1] (in German), volume 1, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, page 540
Cincius, V. I. (1977) Сравнительный словарь тунгусо-маньчжурских языков [Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages] (in Russian), volume 2, Leningrad: Nauka, pages 343-344
Kane, Daniel (1989) The Sino-Jurchen Vocabulary of the Bureau of Interpreters (Uralic and Altaic Series; vol. 153), Bloomington, Indiana: Research Institute for Inner Asian Studies, Indiana University, →ISBN, page 359.