Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-ï̄čak

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

preceding vowel
A / Ï / O / U	E / I / Ö / Ü
*-āčak	*-ēček

Etymology

According to Kuznetsov, from Proto-Turkic *-gü (“future tense”) + *čāk (“time”). However, Salan and Hünerli analyzes as *-gü +‎ *-ča +‎ *-k. See also Proto-Oghuz *-ï̄sar (“future tense”) from *-gü +‎ -*-sar.^[1] According to Gültekin, Kipchak and Uzbek forms must be Oghuz borrowings.

Suffix

*-ï̄čak

(Common Turkic) Future tense participle.
Synonyms: *-či, *-gey, *-sik, *-gü, *-ï̄sar

Antonyms: *-ti, *-miĺ

Descendants

Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (-ıcak)
  - Azerbaijani: -acaq, -əcək, -yacaq, -yəcək
  - Ottoman Turkish:
    - Turkish: -acak, -ecek, -yacak, -yecek
- Turkmen: -jak, -jek
Kipchak:
- Kipchak-Bulgar:
  - Bashkir: -асаҡ (-asaq), -әсәк (-əsək), -ясаҡ (-yasaq), -ясәк (-yasək)
  - Tatar: -ачак (-açaq), -әчәк (-äçäk), -ячак (-yaçaq), -ячәк (-yaçäk)
- Kipchak-Cuman:
  - Kumyk: -ажакъ (-ajaq), -ежек (-yejek), -жакъ (-jaq), -жек (-jek)
- Kipchak-Nogai:
  - Karakalpak: -ajaq, -ejek, -jaq, -jek
  - Kazakh: -шақ (-şaq), -шек (-şek), -ашақ (-aşaq), -ешек (-eşek) (obsolete, only survives as a non-productive suffix at some nouns)
  - Nogai: -ек (-yek), -як (-yak), -аяк (-ayak), -еек (-yeek)
- Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
  - Southern Altai: -чак (-čak), -чек (-ček)

References

^ [1]

Gültekin, Yrd. Doç. Dr. Mevlüt. “TARİHÎ VE ÇAĞDAŞ TÜRK LEHÇELERİNDE GELECEK ZAMAN EKLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR DENEME”. Türklük Bilimi Araştırmaları, sy. 20, 2006, ss. 33-59.
Yücel Çetin, D., & Günay, N. (2022). Eski Türkçeden Türkiye Türkçesine Gelecek Zamanın Kiplik Görünümleri. Korkut Ata Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi(8), 262-272. [2]

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