Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-gerü

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Alternative forms

  • *-garu
  • *-ŋerü
  • *-ŋaru
  • *-erü
  • *-erü

Suffix

*-gerü

  1. (Old Turkic) Suffix expressing the allative case.
    ‎*at (“horse”) + ‎*-gerü → ‎*atgaru (“toward the horse”)

Usage notes

  1. The third person possessive suffix is merges unstable n and -g- to form -ŋaru.
    ‎*anïŋ ebi (“his/her/its house”) + ‎*-gerü → ‎*anïŋ ebiŋerü (“toward his/her/its house”)
  2. Words with first person and second person possessive suffixes already end with m and ŋ. In such cases, g decreases.
    ‎*sẹniŋ ebiŋ (“your house”) + ‎*-gerü → ‎*sẹniŋ ebiŋerü (“toward your house”)
    ‎*bẹniŋ ebim (“my house”) + ‎*-gerü → ‎*bẹniŋ ebimerü (“toward my house”)
  3. When first and second person singular pronouns take it, they switch to a back voweled environment.
    ‎*sẹ (“you”) + ‎*-gerü → ‎*saŋaru (“toward you”)
    ‎*bẹ (“I”) + ‎*-gerü → ‎*baŋaru (“toward me”)
  • *-de (“locative case”)
  • *-den (“ablative case”)
  • *-ka (“dative case”)
  • *-ni (“accusative case”)
  • *-niŋ (“genitive case”)
  • *-če (“equative case”)

Descendants

  • Common Turkic:
  • Oghuz:
    • Salar: -öre
  • Siberian:
    • Old Turkic: 𐰏𐰼𐰇 (-gerü)
    • Old Uyghur: -k’rw (-gerü)
  • Karluk:
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