Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ur

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Noun

*ur

growth, excrescence

Declension

Declension of *ur
	singular ³⁾
nominative	*ur
accusative	urug, urnï¹⁾
genitive	*urnuŋ
dative	*urka
locative	*urta
ablative	*urtan
allative	*urgaru
instrumental ²⁾	*urun
equative ²⁾	*urča
similative ²⁾	*urlayu
comitative ²⁾	*urlugu

¹⁾ Originally used only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Descendants

Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
  - Azerbaijani: ur
  - Ottoman Turkish: اور (ur)
    - Turkish: ur
Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: оро (oro)
  - Tatar: оры (orı)
- East Kipchak:
  - Kyrgyz: ур (ur)
  - Southern Altai: ур (ur)
- South Kipchak:
  - Kazakh: ұра (ūra)
  - Nogai: [script needed] (urı)
Siberian:
- North Siberian:
  - Yakut: [script needed] (uru)
- South Siberian:
  - Sayan:
    - Tuvan: [script needed] (uru)
  - Yenisei:
    - Shor: [script needed] (ur)
    - Khakas: [script needed] (uru)
→? Proto-Mongolic: *ur
- Proto-Mongolic: *ur-gu- (“to grow”)
→? Proto-Tungusic: *ur
- Proto-Tungusic: *ur-e- (“to grow; sprout; bush”)

Derived terms

*urug (“seed; child, girl; kin, kind; relatives”) (see there for further descendants)
*urluk (“seed”) (see there for further descendants)
*urï (“male child, son”)
- Siberian:
  - Yenisei Kyrgyz: 𐰻𐰃 (urı)
  - Old Turkic: [script needed] (urı)
  - Old Uyghur: [script needed] (urı)
  - North Kipchak:
    - Yakut: [script needed] (urtūs, “boy”)
- Karluk:
  - Karakhanid: [script needed] (urı)
- Kipchak:
  - Kyrgyz: [script needed] (urum, “descendants”)
  - Kazakh: ұрпақ (ūrpaq, “generation”)