Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yūrt

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Exists in almost every Turkic language. Compared to Manchu [script needed] (noron, “dwelling place”).

Noun

*yūrt

dwelling place, camping-site

Declension

Declension of *yūrt
	singular ³⁾
nominative	*yūrt
accusative	yūrtug, yūrtnï¹⁾
genitive	*yūrtnuŋ
dative	*yūrtka
locative	*yūrtda
ablative	*yūrtdan
allative	*yūrtgaru
instrumental ²⁾	*yūrtun
equative ²⁾	*yūrtča
similative ²⁾	*yūrtlayu
comitative ²⁾	*yūrtlugu

¹⁾ Originally used only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Descendants

Oghur:
- Chuvash: ҫурт (śurt)
Common Turkic:

Arghu:
- Khalaj: yûrt
Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (yurt)
  - Azerbaijani: yurd
  - Ottoman Turkish: یورت (yurt)
    - Gagauz: yurt (yurd-)
    - Turkish: yurt (yurd-)
- Turkmen: ýūrt (yūrd-)
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: یُورْتْ (yurt)
  - Uyghur: يۇرت (yurt)
  - Uzbek: yurt
Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: йорт (yort)
  - Tatar: йорт (yort)
- West Kipchak:
  - Crimean Tatar: yurt
  - Kumyk: юрт (yurt)
    - → Chechen: йурт class jj (jurt)
    - → Ingush: юрт (jurt)
  - Karachay-Balkar: джурт (curt)
  - Karaim: [script needed] (yurt)
- South Kipchak:
  - Caspian:
    - Karakalpak: [script needed] (žurt)
    - Kazakh: жұрт (jūrt)
    - Nogai: юрт (yurt)
  - Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
    - Kyrgyz: журт (jurt)
    - Southern Altai: јурт (ǰurt)
Siberian:
- Old Turkic: 𐰖𐰆𐰺𐱃 (y¹ur¹t¹ /⁠yurt⁠/)
- Old Uyghur: [script needed] (yurt)
  - Western Yugur: yurt
- North Siberian:
  - Yakut: сурт (surt)
  - Dolgan: һурт (hurt)
- South Siberian:
  - Sayan:
    - Tuvan: чурт (çurt)
  - Yenisei Turkic:
    - Khakas: [script needed] (čurt)
    - Shor: [script needed] (čurt)
→ Russian: ю́рта (júrta)
- → Catalan: iurta
- → Finnish: jurtta
- → French: yourte
  - → English: yurt
- → German: Jurte
  - → English: yurt
- → Hungarian: jurta
- → Ingrian: jurtta
- → Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: ју̑рта
  Latin: jȗrta
- → Spanish: yurta
- → Swedish: jurta

References

Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*jūrt”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill