Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/īsarn

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *īsarną.

Noun

*īsarn n^[1]

iron

Inflection

Neuter a-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*īsarn
Genitive	*īsarnas
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*īsarn	*īsarnu
Accusative	*īsarn	*īsarnu
Genitive	*īsarnas	*īsarnō
Dative	*īsarnē	*īsarnum
Instrumental	*īsarnu	*īsarnum

Descendants

Old English: īsern, īren, īsen
- Middle English: iren, eren, irne, iron, isen
  - English: iron
    - → Marshallese: aen
  - English: (Ottawa Valley) iern, eirn
  - Scots: airn, ern, irne
  - Yola: eeren
Old Frisian: īsern
- North Frisian: jaarn
- Saterland Frisian: Iersen
- West Frisian: izer
Old Saxon: īsarn
- Middle Low German: îsen, îsern, îseren
  - German Low German: Iesen
    - ⇒ German Low German: Iesder
  - Low German: Isen
  - Plautdietsch: Iesa
Old Dutch: *īsarn
- Middle Dutch: iser
  - Dutch: ijzer
    - Afrikaans: yster
    - Berbice Creole Dutch: isiri
    - Jersey Dutch: äize
    - Negerhollands: iser, izu
    - Skepi Creole Dutch: isir
    - → Aukan: insii
    - → Sranan Tongo: isri
      - → Caribbean Hindustani: isri
      - → Caribbean Javanese: isri
  - Limburgish: iezer
  - West Flemish: yzer
Old High German: īsarn
- Middle High German: īsern, īser, īsen
  - Alemannic German: Iise
    Vorarlbergerisch: Iisa, Oasa
  - Bavarian: Eisn
    Cimbrian: aizarn
    Mòcheno: aisn
  - Central Franconian: Ieser, Iese, Eise
    - Hunsrik: Eise
    - Luxembourgish: Eisen
  - German: Eisen, Eiser
  - Vilamovian: ȧjza
  - Yiddish: אײַזן (ayzn)

References

^ Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 339: “PWGmc *īsarn”

[1] Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 339: “PWGmc *īsarn”

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