Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/fleugan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *plew-

Proto-Indo-European *plewk-der.

Proto-Germanic *fleuganą

Proto-West Germanic *fleugan

From Proto-Germanic *fleuganą.

Verb

*fleugan^[1]

to fly

Inflection

Strong class 2
Infinitive	*fleugan
1st sg. past	*flaug
3rd pl. past	*flugun
Past ptcple	*flogan
Infinitive	*fleugan
Genitive infin.	*fleugannjas
Dative infin.	*fleugannjē
Instrum. infin.	*fleugannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*fleugu	*flaug
2nd singular	*fliugiʀi	*flugī
3rd singular	*fliugidi	*flaug
1st plural	*fleugum	*flugum
2nd plural	*fliugid	*flugud
3rd plural	*fleugand	*flugun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*fleugē	*flugī
2nd singular	*fleugēs	*flugī
3rd singular	*fleugē	*flugī
1st plural	*fleugēm	*flugīm
2nd plural	*fleugēþ	*flugīd
3rd plural	*fleugēn	*flugīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*fliug
Plural	*fliugid
	Present	Past
Participle	*fleugandī	*flogan

Descendants

Old English: flēogan
- Middle English: flien
  - English: fly
  - Scots: fle
  - Yola: vlee
Old Frisian: fliāga
- Saterland Frisian: fljoge
- West Frisian: fleane
Old Saxon: fliogan
- Middle Low German: vlêgen
  - Low German: fliegen
    - German Low German: flegen
  - Plautdietsch: fläje
Old Dutch: fliegan
- Middle Dutch: vliegen
  - Dutch: vliegen
  - Limburgish: vlege
Old High German: fliogan, fliocan
- Middle High German: vliegen
  - Central Franconian: fleeje
  - German: fliegen
  - Luxembourgish: fléien
  - Yiddish: פֿליִען (flien)

References

^ Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 130: “PWGmc *fleugan”

[1] Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 130: “PWGmc *fleugan”

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