Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hūʀijan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *hūzijaną, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kuHs-yé-ti, from *kewHs- (“to pay; to hire”) +‎ *-yéti.^[1] Cognate with Hittite 𒆪𒊭𒀭 (ku-uš-ša-an /⁠kuššan-⁠/, “pay, salary, fee, hire”).^[2]

Verb

*hūʀijan

to hire
to pay

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive	*hūʀijan
1st sg. past	*hūʀidā
Infinitive	*hūʀijan
Genitive infin.	*hūʀijannjas
Dative infin.	*hūʀijannjē
Instrum. infin.	*hūʀijannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*hūʀiju	*hūʀidā
2nd singular	*hūʀisi	hūʀidēs, hūʀidōs
3rd singular	*hūʀiþi	hūʀidē, hūʀidā
1st plural	*hūʀijum	*hūʀidum
2nd plural	*hūʀiþ	*hūʀidud
3rd plural	*hūʀijanþ	*hūʀidun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*hūʀijē	*hūʀidī
2nd singular	*hūʀijēs	*hūʀidī
3rd singular	*hūʀijē	*hūʀidī
1st plural	*hūʀijēm	*hūʀidīm
2nd plural	*hūʀijēþ	*hūʀidīd
3rd plural	*hūʀijēn	*hūʀidīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*hūʀi
Plural	*hūʀiþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*hūʀijandī	*hūʀid

Derived terms

*hūʀiju

Descendants

Old English: hȳrian, hȳran
- Middle English: hiren, hire, hyer, hyre, hyren, here (Kent), hure, huren, hury, huyre (West Midlands)
  - English: hire
  - Scots: hire
Old Frisian: hēra
- West Frisian: hiere
Old Saxon: *hūrian
- Middle Low German: hūren
  - German Low German: hüren
  - → Middle High German: hūren
    - German: heuern
    - Bavarian: huiern, heiern
  - → Swedish: hyra
Old Dutch: *hūren
- Middle Dutch: huren
  - Dutch: huren
    - Afrikaans: huur
  - Limburgish: hure

References

^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*hūzjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 261: “*kuHs-ié- (IE)”
^ Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) “kuššan / kušn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 498

[1] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*hūzjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 261: “*kuHs-ié- (IE)”

[2] Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) “kuššan / kušn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 498

[1]

[2]